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HAMPIAIN^ 




LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 



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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 




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LAKE GEORGE 



(ILI^USTRATED., 



LAKE CHAMPLAIN 



A BOOK OF TO-DAY. 



Si R. 8TX3DDARD. 

TWENTY-FOURTH EDITION 
1894. 



V 



GLENS FALLS, N. Y. 

.-PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHOR, 

Copyright, 189 2, by S. R. Stoddard. 



^ X 



Lake George and Lake Champlain. 



Adams" Landing 139 

Aavert'm is inuexed. l4o 

AiDurgh Springs 1-iv 

Asfciemuiy Jr*oint 3b 

Au saDifc Cliasm lib 

Balawm 

Bloody l^ond 20 

±}ixoy, jJr Geo. F... lb 

±$iun ir'umc 1^8, IG 

IrJuiwaga Bay IU4 

Burimgion U^i 

(Jamp j^it'e b 

Cainy Watson 141 

(Jivriilon lUi; 

(jedar Beach 109 

Champiain's Battle,. 

Colcnester Point lib 

Crown Point Kuins. .lUb 
Cumberland Head.. .13b 
Uown the i^ake 29 



-hlagieCamp 

JiiSbeX 

Fishing 

Forts. 

Cassin, 

tj^iigtj 

George 

Montgomery 

fee. J^'reaerick 

Ticonderoga, rums 

Wm ±±enry, ruins, 



8 

19 

10 

138 

lU; 

98 

9 

French Poi 

Glens Falls 21 

Business Cards 147,151 
Goruon s ijanaing.. 138 

Grea o BacK Bay 140 

Grog Harbor 107 

Hague 70 

Highgate Springs. ... 143 

Howe s Liandmg 79 

Huletl's Liandiug 63 

Hotels (Advertise 

menis, indexed) 145 

Albion 37 

Bolton House 49 

Burleigh House 8; 

Carpenter House 14 

Central Hotel 14 

Champlain, (Bluff 

Point) 128, 16* 

Champ (Maquam). . . . 143 

Crosby, The 16 

Cumberland House.. 134 
Ft. Wm. Henry H ., 11 

FoucLuet House 134 

Fourteen Mile IsL. .51-B 

Gibbs House... 105 

Grove Hotel 36 

Hillside House 71 

Horicon Lodge 36 

Hotel Crosbyside . . 15 
Huletfs Land'g H... 63 
Hundred Island H..51-C 

Island Harbor 72 

Kattskill House... 37 
Kenesaw 50-b 



Hotels- Continued. 

Kenmore 171 

Lake House 12 

L. View H., L Geo. 41 
L. View, AuSbl. C.119 
Marion House. ... 39 
Mohican House. 45, 158 

Pearl Point 54 

Phcjenix Hotel 71 

Prospect Mt. H 14 

Kicnards House 106 

Kismg House 

Kockwell House... 22 
Kogers Kock H... 7B 
Sagamore, The. .49, 159 
Samson's L. V. H.. . 142 
Saranac Lake H. ..165 
St. Huberts Inn ... 104 

silver Bay 69 

Stevens House. .. 108 

Trout House 71 

Trout Pavilion b7 

Van Ness House... lib 

VVelden, The iiz 

Westport inn. ... 105 

W ills oorough,The. 109 

Indian Kettles 67 

Islands 



Maps. 

Lake Champlain 84 

steamboat route.. 97 

L. Champlain and L. 
Geo. in front cover. 
Lake Geo. Hotels. IV 
Ticonderoga Kums.lOO 

Missisquoi Park 144 

Mountains. 

Anthonys Nose... 70 

Black 57 

Buck b9 



As-You-Were 5' 

Burnt 57 

Canoe 33 

Crab 132 

Crown 51-A 

Diamond 32 

Dome 40 

Llizabeth 3 

Floating Battery.. 59 

Four Brothers HO 

Fourteen Mile 51 

Halt-way 59 

Harbor 60 

Hen and Chickens51-C 

Isle LaMott.e .139 

Juniper .110 

Long 33 

Mother Bunch.. 

North Hero 139 

Oahu 50-B 

Phantom 56 

Phelps 56 

Prisoner's 

Recluse 40 

Scotch Bonnet.. 

South Hero 130 

Tea 29 

Three Sirens 59 

Turtle 56 

Valcour 126 

Vicar's 62 



Deers Leap... 
Liephant. ... . 
Hog s Back.. 

Prospect 

Kogers Rock. 

fepiit Kock 

'L'ongue 



.. 63 
.. 66 
.. 64 
.. 17 
.. 76 
. 107 
.50-B 

Twin 66 

Old Stone Store 14 

Otter Creek 108 

Outnt 3 

Paradise Bay 56 

Piattsuurgh Ibb 

Battle oi. 132 

Port Henry 104 

Port is.ent 113 

itoads and Drives — 18 
Kock Dunder Ill 



Koger's Slide. 
Kouse's Point. 



.137 



Ladd's Landing 139 

Lake Champlain 93 Valcour, Battle of 

Islands 137 Westport, 

Lake Georg 

Discovery 6-A 



Kailroads. 

Au Sable Chasm.... 113 

Chateaugay 135-174 

Del. <& Huason 173 

Fitch ourgh 175 

Hudson Kiver 172 

Sabbath Day Point.. 66 

sacrificial Stone 47 

St. Albans 142 

St Mary's of the 

Lake 31 

Saratoga — Reverse 
of book, indexed. 
Shelburne Harbor... Ill 

South Hero 138 

Split Rock 107 

Steamboats 17 

Chateaugay 106 

Horicon 16-C 

Hudson River 163 

Ticonderoga 16-C 

Vermont 97 

Water Lily 105 

Ticonderoga, Falls.. 81 

Names 101 

Fort 9S 

Village.^..... ...... 81 

]l05 

Whitehall ^6 

Williams" Mon'm'nt. 20 



Business Cards 15- Willsborough Point. 109 




LAKE GEORGE. 

/VKE GEORGE! How the heart 
bounds and the pulse quickens at sound 
of the words that bring with them 
thoughts of the " Holy Lake." In 
fancy we again breathe the air, heavy 
with the odor of pines and cedar, or fragrant with 
the breath of blossoming clover. Again we wander 
among the daisies and buttercups that gem the hill- 
side sloping so gently down to where the wavelets 
kiss the white beach, or floating among the verdant 
islands, watch the sunlight and shadow chase each 
other up the mountain side, while every crag and 
fleecy cloud is mirrored in the quiet waters below. 

A memory of the past comes to me as I write ; of 
good old days now past and gone ; of lumbering 
coaches where now go swiftly glancing trains ; of six 
horse tally-hos, now crowded out by monsters 
breathing fire and smoke; of sounding plank in 
place of shining ribs of steel. More comfortable 
now it is undoubtedly with its luxurious palace cars 
but the poetry has gone with the dear old stages, 
and the new things of the age have made living 
commonplace at last. The memory remains, how- 
ever, of the stage of old, with its overhanging load 
of pleasure seekers in brave attire, suggestive of 
some huge bouquet of gaily colored flowers, rocking 
and swaying from side to side as it bowls merrily 
along through the shaded streets and out across the 
plain, creeping up the long hill, then down into the 



2 Lake George. 

valley on the other side, where ragged urchins pelt 
us with great, creamy pond lilies ; of the stop at the 
Half-Way House, where thirsty ones partake of 
cooling drinks such as Brown alone can make; of the 
rapidly changing views as w^ith swinging gait we 
cover the winding forest road; of Williams' Monu- 
ment and Bloody Pond ; and of the moment when 
the woods are left behind and the " Lake of the 
Blessed Sacrament " lies before us, green-walled at 
the sides and stretching away to where the rugged 
Tongue and misty Black Mountain close across the 
sparkling way. 

Rightfully and becomingly does Lake George 
wear the proud title " Queen of American Waters." 
Lying along the south-eastern margin of the great 
Adirondacks it combines the grandure of its widest 
mountain lakes with the quiet loveliness of its peace- 
ful valleys. The graceful foliage of Keene Valley, 
the rounded headlands of the queenly Raquette, 
the repose of stately Placid, the rugged grandeur 
of dark Avalanche, have each their counterpart 
here, all blended in one grand harmonious whole. 

Its water of marvelous purity has a distinctive 
color of its own. The Raquette River flows red, 
the Opalescent amber; Lake George is, in its shaded 
depths, a positive green. Its tributary streams are 
few and short — spring-born in the enwrapping hills. 
It is itself but a great overflowing spring in its hollow 
of verdure-covered rock. Its surface is 346 feet 
above tide and 247 feet above Lake Champlain into 
which, at the north, with many a wild leap and 
rapid race, it empties. Islands rear themselves in 
solitary grandeur, or are gathered in dainty clusters 
on its face. Of old it was said there was an island 



Lake George. 3 

for every day in the year, and an additional myste- 
rious, illusive, little sprite of a one that appeared 
only in the years divisible by four, but the unim- 
aginative survey of 1880 proved that there are but 
220 including every considerable rock around which 
the water breaks. 

During July and August, Lake George teems 
with nomadic life in all its varied forms. Vagrant 
communities appear and disappear as if by magic ; 
white tents gleam among the dark-green foliage, and 
lonely islands are suddenly astir with busy throngs. 
Its wilderness solitudes for the time resound with 
joyous shoutings, as of boys let loose from school ; 
its rocks are flecked with blue and gray ; its tree 
tops blush with bunting, while the very shores put 
on a flannelly hue, and shadowy points blossom out 
in duck and dimity. It is safe to say that in the 
course of the season a thousand people taste the 
pleasures and overcome the difTficulties of actual 
camp life at Lake George. 

The camp outfit should include a light axe, long- 
handled frying-pan, tin pail for water or coffee, tin 
plates, pint cups, knives and forks and fishing tackle. 
A stove-top laid on a fire-place of stones and mud, 
and supplied with one length of stove pipe will be 
appreciated by the cook ; spruce boughs for a bed, 
with rubber blanket, to guard against possible, 
dampness, and two or three good woolen blankets 
for covering, will be found very comfortable. A 
small bag to fill with leaves or moss for a pillow, 
pays for itself in one night. Flannel or woolen 
clothing, with roomy shoes and a soft felt hat, is 
ordinarily the safest dress. 



4 I^aKZj CrisOKGE. 

Ladies, wear what you have a mind to (you will, 
any way), but let me respectfully suggest that it be 
mostly flannel, with good strong shoes under foot, 
and a man's felt hat over head — take the man along, 
too, if you want to, he will be useful to row you 
about, take the fish off your hook, run errands, etc. 

Boats and provisions may be obtained at almost 
any of the hotels. Bacon, salt pork, bread and 
butter, Boston crackers, tea, coffee, sugar, pepper 
and salt, with a tin box or two for containing the 
same are among the things needed. Milk can be 
obtained regularly at the farm houses, berries picked 
almost anywhere ; ice is a luxury which may be 
contracted for and thrown from the passing steam- 
ers daily ; a hole in the ground with a piece of bark 
over it forms a very good ice box ; a drinking cup 
of leather, to carry in the pocket, comes handy at 
times ; broad-brimmed straw hats are a nuisance. 
Whiskey is unnecessary, a damage and disgrace to 
the party ; if you take it habitually to prevent 
colds, don't come. Colds are never taken here by 
sleeping out under the stars, and there is little in 
God's pure air and sunshine in keeping with the de- 
grading stuff. 

A shanty made of boughs will answer, in absence 
or anything better. It sounds well when you talk 
about " roughing it," but is unsatisfactory in prac- 
tice. A tent may be made comfortable with the 
outlay of a little time and work. There are clubs 
who own fishing boxes or shanties, more or less 
rough in construction, some made simply of rough 
boards, with bunks for sleeping in, and with chairs, 
tables, stoves, etc. Some of them can be hired, the 
price being from $12 to $20 per week, including 



Lake George. 5 

the use of a boat or two and in many cases a well 
filled ice house. The poorest cottage is an improve- 
ment on the best of tents in stormy weather. 

*' The lands now or hereafter constituting the 
forest preserve shall be forever kept as wild forest 
lands," says the law. The islands of Lake George, ex- 
cept those named on the following page, are a part 
of the forest preserve in charge of the State Forest 
Commission, under the general supervision of Col. 
Wm. F. Fox, Supt. of Forests, and locally of W. H. 
Tippetts, of Assembly Point, special agent in charge, 
to whom application may be made for information 
or in relation to leasing for a term of years. A 
number of these islands are occupied by responsible 
parties who have expended considerable money in 
beautifying and making them comfortable for sum- 
mer occupancy, others are subject to lease for a 
term of five years at from $50 to $150 per year. Is- 
lands not leased to individuals may be occupied by 
camping parties at will so long as the laws govern- 
ing public lands are observed. It is not the wish of 
the Commission to lease all the public lands, but to 
reserve portions for the use of campers. The For- 
est Commission has the same power to bring action 
for trespass and to recover damages for injury, or 
to prevent injury to the preserve which any owner of 
lands would be entitled to bring, and officers acting 
under the superintendent of forests, or of the Forest 
Commission, may, without warrant, arrest any per- 
son found violating any provisions of the act creat- 
ing the commission. The fire wardens have 
power to call upon any person in the territory in 
which they act for assistance in suppressing fires. 
Any person who shall willfully or negligent- 



^ Lake George. 

ly set fire to any forest lands belonging to the State, 
shall be liable to a fine of not less than fifty or more than 
five hundred dollars, or to imprisonment of not less 
than thirty days nor more than six months. 

The islands of Lake George belong to the State 
and under existing laws, cannot be purchased, ex- 
cept the following: Tea, Diamond, Canoe, long, 
Ehzabeth, Three Brothers, Dome, Recluse, Belvoir, 
Hiawatha, Leontlne, Green, Crown, Fourteen Mile, 
Flora, Turtle and Harbor Islands. 

Good fishing can be had at Lake George in its 
proper season by one possessed of a proper knowl- 
edge of the best ground. This knowledge is pur- 
chasable and can be had by the employment of 
competent fishermen, who furnish boat and bait 
also, at about $3 per day. The game fish are the lake 
trout and black bass. The trout are usually taken 
by deep trolling early in the season and with live 
bait in deep water, later. Black bass are caught by 
trolling or still fishing over rocky ground. Rock 
bass and perch abound on certain well-known ledges 
while the plebian "bull-head" flourishes on the 
softer bottom. This last fish, although not con. 
sidered good in many waters is here firm of flesh 
and palatable. Brook trout fishing makes a fair re- 
turn for labor expended, the yield in the various 
streams emptying into the lake being in ratio to the 
whipping they get. Here the various " flies " that 
are comparatively valueless for lake fishing may be 
used to advantagre. 

Hunting is little considered here although the 
woods yield a fair share of birds and small game and 
deer are not uncommon in the mountains along the 
narrows. 



Lake George. 6-a 

The existence of Lake George was first made 
known to Europeans in 1609, through the writings 
of Samuel de Champlain. It was known to the 
Indians as Andia-to-roc-te (place where the lake 
contracts). Champlain went no further south than 
the falls at Ticonderoga. 

In the month of August, 1642, a war party of 
Iroquois, returning from Canada to their homes in 
the Mohawk Valley, passed through Lake George 
with three prisoners, tortured, maimed and bleeding. 
They were a French Jesuit, Father Jogues, Rene 
Goupil and Guillame Couture, the first white men 
known to have seen the ** Lake of the Blessed Sacra- 
ment." 

Again, on the 29th of May, 1646, Father Jogues, 
with Sieur Bourden, engineer in chief on the gover- 
nor's staff, and six friendly Indians arrived at the 
outlet on the eve of the festival of Corpus Christi, 
and in commemoration of the day they named it 
the" Lakeof the Blessed Sacrament." Foroverahun- 
dred years it bore its beautiful name of Lac Du St. 
Sacrament, then, in 1755, General Johnson en- 
camped at its head and called it Lake George, in 
honor of George the Second, and then reigning 
king of Great Britain. 

''Horican'' the " Silvery Water," was simply a fan- 
cy of Cooper's. He says : '' It occurred to me that 
the French name of this lake was too complicated, 
the American too common-place, and the Indian 
too unpronounceable for either to be used familiarly 
in a work of fiction,""^ so he called it " Horican." 
The name has been generall)^ accepted as historical 

* " The last of the Mohicans." Introduction to edition of 185;^ New York 
George P. Putnam. 



o-b Father Jogues. 

and advanced by admirers as one more indication 
of the poetic temperament and appreciation of the 
beautiful fitness of things possessed by the noble red 
man. It is not explained, however, why, in these 
later days, Cooper's creation is accepted as the name^ 
while his spelling is ignored. 

Isaac Jogues, who first saw, and seeing, wrote of 
Lake George, was born at Orleans, Jan. lo, 1607; 
entered the Jesuit Society at Rouen, 1624, and 
three years later removed to the college of La 
Fl^tche. He completed his divinity studies at Cler- 
mont College, Paris, and was ordained Priest in 
February, 1636. In the spring of that year he 
embarked as a missionary for Canada, arriving early 
in July, and soon proceeded to his far-away station 
on the Otawa river in the land of the Hurons. On 
his return from Quebec where he came for sup- 
plies in 1642, he was captured with his party and 
carried through Lake George to the Mohawk, suffer- 
ing torture at that and various other times. The 
following year, in July, he made his escape by aid of 
the Dutch at Ft Orange, who sent him to France, 
where he arrived about Christmas, and was received 
with great honor and reverence. In 1644 he re- 
turned to Canada, and in 1 646 returned by the 
old route to his former masters, the Mohawks, a 
missionary from his superior, and an ambassador for 
the French nation, to ratify a treaty with the savages. 
Once more he returned to Canada, and once more 
passed over the holy lake to his ** Mission of the 
Martyrs," where on his arival he was met by torture 
and paid the penalty of his zeal with his pure de- 
vot:l ::lf :~3rificing life. 



Lake George. 5_^ 

In 1609, Hendrick Hudson ascended the North 
river to its junction with the Mohawk, and the same 
year Champlain sailed as far south as Ticonderoga, 
on the lake which now bears his name. At that 
time the Algonquins occupied the land north of the 
St. Lawrence, and the Five Nations (a powerful con- 
federacy, consisting of the Mohawks^ Oneidas, Onon- 
dagas^ Cayiigas^ and Seitecas), were gathered in the 
valley of the Mohawk. The tribes of the north 
and south were continually at war with each other. 
The land, between the St. Lawrence and the Mo 
hawk was debatable ground, and the country along 
the shores of St. Sacrament and Champlain was a 
solitude, for the lakes, stretching north and south, 
formed a pathway through the wilderness, over 
which savage nations were constantly going to war 
against each other. This had driven all who were 
inclined to occupy the land beyond the mountains; 
and presumably this is why it received its Indian 
name, signifying " the lake that is the gate of the 
country." 

The English secured th 'r right to the country 
claimed by the Five Nations by virtue of a treaty 
with that people ; the French claimed it by right of 
Champlain's discovery. Both nations aimed to 
keep the friendship of the Indian tribes, in which 
the French met with the greater success. They 
were constantly extending their lines, and sending 
over zealous missionaries and enterprising traders, 
who carried glass beads, fire-water, and the bread of 
hfe to the red man, and created a great revival of 
religion among them, in consequence of which a 
good many English scalps were taken. 

In 1731 the French advanced to Crown Point 



0.d Historical— 1731-1755. 

and built a foit, which they called " St. Frederick." 
The slow English remonstrated, but took no active 
measures to resist the advance on what they 
claimed as their territory. The Indians that gath- 
ered around the French fort were a constant men- 
ace to the exposed home of the English settlers of 
the upper Hudson, and often was the story told of 
a sudden descent on some unprotected poi;it, a rifle 
shot, a gleaming knife or bloody tomahawk, and a 
retreat by the light of a burning building. In the 
words of the French concerning their Indian allies, 
they occasionally "struck a blow and returned with 
some scalps." 

In time the English realized that something more 
effective than protests would be needed to resist 
the encroachment of the French, and in 1755 Gen- 
eral, afterward Sir William, Johnson was dispatched 
to take charge of the little affair. He arrived at 
the head of Lac du St. Sacrament August 28th, 
and at once renamed the lake, calling it Lake 
George, in honor of the then reigning King of 
Great Britain. Not content with this hydraulic vic- 
tory he issued a proclamation, in w^hich he said : 
*'I propose to go down this lake with a part of the 
army, and take post at the end of it, at a pass 
called 'Ticonderogue,' there to await the coming 
up of the rest of the army, and then attack Crown 
Point." While General Johnson was waiting to 
note the effect of his proclamation, the Baron Dies- 
kau, with 1,400 men, 600 of whom were Indians, ad- 
vanced, September 8th, to attack Fort Lyman, now 
Fort Edward. When within four miles of the fort, 
the Indians refused to proceed further, it is thought 
from their known fear of cannon. Dieskau then 



Lake George. ^ 

turned the head of his little army toward Lake 
George, and had reached the place where Williams' 
monument now stands, when news was brought that 
the English were advancing toward them. Form- 
ing an ambush in shape of a hollow square, open to- 
ward the north ; the points extending on each side 
of the road, the French awaited the coming of the 
enemy, which soon appeared — i,ooo English and 
200 Indians — under Col. Ephraim Williams and 
old King Hendrick. It happened that among 
Dieskau's Indians were some of the great league of 
the Iroquois, who, seeing that the English were ac- 
companied by a party of their sworn friends, fired 
guns in the air as a warning, and, by this act, turned 
what might have been the annihilation of the de- 
tachment into simply a bad defeat. The French 
opened fire, at once. Colonel Williams and King 
Hendrick fell, and their followers retreated, followed 
by the French. The noise of the engagement was 
heard at Lake George, and a force of 300 was dis- 
patched to the assistance of the English, while 
breastworks of fallen trees were thrown up with all 
haste in front of the camp. Soon came the English 
in confusion, closely pursued by the French. The 
guns of the English could not be brought to bear, 
without injuring friend and foe alike, and it ap- 
peared to be Dieskau's object to keep thus close on 
the heels of the retreating English,^ a,nd enter the 
fortified camp with themj:7butva6, with joyful 
shouts, the survivors tun^bled over tl^e logs among 
their friends, they, wit^ woiicifr, beheld the French 
halt while the Indian allies skulked in the swamps. 
The pause was for a few minutes only, but it af- 
forded the English time to perfect their plans of de- 



Historical-- I755-I757- 

fense, and, when the French did finally advance, 
they were received by a well-worked battery against 
which they could not prevail. The attack was 
spirited, and the defense stubborn. The engage- 
ment began a little before noon, and lasted until 
about four o'clock, when the enemy retreated, and 
the English took their turn at pursuit. Dieskau 
was wounded and taken prisoner, dying afterward, 
it is said, from the effect of his wounds. Johnson 
was also wounded early in the day, and the com- 
mand devolved on General Lyman, who behaved 
with unexceptionable bravery throughout the en- 
tire engagement. 

The French loss, killed and wounded, was nearly 
400 men ; the English about 300. Johnson, having 
earned glory enough, spent the remainder of the 
season in building Fort William Henry. 

In March, 1757, Vaudreuil, with 1,500 French 
and Indians, came over the ice to attack Fort Wil- 
liam Henry. The attack was made at two o'clock 
on the morning of the 19th, but the garrison was 
apprised of the enemy's approach and repulsed him 
successfully. He succeeded, however, in burning a 
number of sloops and batteaux, that were frozen in 
the ice, in front of the fort. 

Early in August, following Vaudreuil's unsuccess- 
ful attack, the Marquis de Montcalm, with nearly 
8,000 French and Indians, advanced on Fort Wil- 
liam Henry. Colonel Monro was then in command 
of the fort. He withstood the siege for six days in 
hopes of relief from General Webb ; but, receiving 
none, sent a messenger to Montcalm stating the 
terms on which he would surrender. The terms 
were substantially that the Eng^lish should be 



Lake George. 

allowed to march out with the honors of war, car- 
rying arms and baggage. They were agreed to, 
and at noon the next day the Enghsh marched 
over to the entrenched camp, there to remain until 
the following morning, leaving the sick and 
wounded under the protection of the French gen- 
eral. But, even while they were passing out, the 




Indians swarmed in through the embrasures, at- 
tacking the sick and helpless. The horrible scenes 
that followed are thus described by Father Robaud 
in his " Relations : " ''I saw one of these bar- 
barians come forth out of the casements, which 
nothing but the most insatiate avidity for blood 
could induce him to enter, for the infected atmos- 
phere which exhaled from it was insupportable, car- 



6-h Historical — 1757. 

rying in his hand a human head, from which 
streams of blood were flowing, and which he pa- 
raded as the most valuable prize he had been able 
to seize." 

In the morning, when the English marched out 
of the entrenched camp, and, protected by three 
hundred French, the insufficiency of their escort be- 
came apparent. The savages swarmed in the 
woods on every side, and hung like a dark storm- 
cloud along their path. Low, ominous muttering, 
like distant thunder, came from the surging crowd, 
rising higher and higher, until, with fierce yells, 
they fell on the panic-stricken English, and struck 
them down in the face of their helpless guard. 
Soon all semblance of order ceased, the march 
changing into a selfish race for life. The butchery, 
which at first was the work of a few, became gen- 
eral ; the savages murdered helpless women and 
children, and tore men from the ranks, and, like 
wild beasts, fought among themselves for the sick- 
ening prize of a human scalp. 

It is difficult to exonerate Montcalm from all 
blame, for he knew the nature of the savages, and 
their treatment of the sick and wounded in the old 
fort the day before, and still, with 6,000 French at 
command, sent only 300 to protect a long line of 
men, women, and children from wild beasts, thirst- 
ing for their blood. The number that perished is 
unknown, but has been estimated by some as high 
as 1,500. 

Their object accomplished, the French returned 
north, leaving the fort a heap of smouldering ruins, 
and the bones of the English bleaching in the sun. 

Another act in the great drama of the Lake. A 



Lake George. 

year has passed away, and the curtain rises on a 
scene of wondrous beauty. Tiie same old moun- 
tains slope down, amphitheater-like, around the 
lake ; the mists of midsummer hang over the land ; 
martial music fills the air. The sound of bugles and 
of highland pipes echo from the mountain side, and 
a thousand boats, bearing 15,000 men, in all the 
varied colors of royal court, of clan and forest, with 
banners waving, and hearts beating high with hope, 
move away down the glassy lake.. 

Thus, on the morning of July 5th, 1758, Aber- 
crombie embarked and sailed to the attack of Fort 
Ticonderoga. On the following day, at Trout-Brook, 
Lord Howe fell, and the evening of the 9th saw the 
inglorious return of the defeated army. 

The following year Amherst passed the same way, 
capturing Ticonderoga and Crown Point, and driving 
the French into Canada. 

Fort William Henry is described as square, built 
of pine logs covered with sand, flanked by bastions 
at the four comers, and surrounded by a deep ditch, 
riie ruins are in the sandy, tree-covered bluff west 
of the railroad depot, between it and the Fort Wil- 
liam Henry Hotel. The outline is still preserved, 
showing the form of the old fort, nearly square, 
flanked on the west, south, and a part of the east 
side, by a ditch, and on the north by the lake. The 
*' Old Fort Well " still remains near the east side, 
partially filled with stones and rubbish. Just where 
the fence which now incloses the grounds on the 
east would run, if continued out into the lake, deep 
under water, is the old Fort dock. Beyond the 
dock a little way, may be seen, on a still day, the 



Fort George. 

:harred remains of an old hulk, with blackened ribs 
and keel half hidden in the sand, supposed to have 
been one of the number sunk by Vaudreuil in Feb- 
ruary, 1757. Shell and cannon balls have been 
taken from it at different times, and in 1820 two 
small cannon were removed from the. wreck. 

Fort George is a half-mile east of old Fort Wil- 
liam Henry, back on the low bluff, around which 
the railroad swings as it turns away from the lake. 
It was built in 1759, by General Amherst, the por- 
tion completed being but a bastion of what was then 
designed for an extensive fortification. It was oc- 
cupied as a military post while the necessity for one 
lasted. Commanded (!) in 1775 by Capt. John 
Nordberg, '* in a little cottage as a Hermit where I 
was very happy for six months ; " taken possession 
9f by CoL Bernard Romans, May 12 (two days after 
the capture of Ticonderoga by Ethan Allen), and 
held by the Americans until the close of the Revo 
lution. It is now but a great heap of earth, sloping 
off from the edge to toward the centre and north 
held in place by the walls, which are quite well pre- 
served on the east side. The greater portion of the 
stonework has been removed, and burned into Hme. 

On the table land, a little to the southwest of the 
fort, was the old entrenched camp, the scene of 
Dieskau'c; defeat by General Johnson in 1755. 



Lake George. ii 

The Hotels and Boarding Houses are varied 
and ordinarily sufficient for all occasions ; the prices 
ranging from $i.oo to $5.00 per day, according to 
circumstances. 

Fort William Henry Hotel, William Noble, 
owner and proprietor. Macdonald Company, man- 
agers. Post Office, Lake George, Capacity 600. 
Rates $3.00 and upwards per day ; $15.00 to $25.00 
and upwards per week. 

The original Fort William Henry Hotel was built 
in the year 1854-5 by a stock company, and opened 
for guests in June of the last named year, with 
Daniel Gale as manager. The original structure 
had a front of 200 feet with a wing extending back- 
ward from its centre 130 feet, and was four stories 
high with basement. In 1855 and the spring of 
1856 the front was extended towards the east mak- 
ing it as it now stands with a total frontage of 334 
feet. In 1868 it was purchased by T. Roessle & 
Son for $125,000 and remodeled at a cost of about 
$200,000, making the building seven stories high. 
On February, 1891, Mr. William Noble of New 
York city purchased the property. 

The space between the house and depot is rich in 
history and tradition, and was once the centre of vast 
military operations which brought together a host 
four times greater than could now find quarters in 
all the hotels and cottages along Lake George's teem- 
ing shores. Now, winding paths lead to the water 
and stately pines grow on the ramparts and in the 
trenches, where, of old, men watched for the savage 
foe or made merry around the barrack fire. 



Lake George. 13 

The Lake House is on the west shore between 
the lake and the main street of the little village of 
Caldwell ; Walter M. Peck, proprietor, L. T. Finch, 
manager. Accommodations are offered here in 
hotel and cottages for 300 guests. Rates will be 
given on application, depending on location of rooms. 
A free bus to trains. Excursion and line steamers 
all land at the hotel dock. 

This is one of the oldest houses of Lake George 
and is firmly established in the hearts of many who 
are as regular in their appearance as the seasons 
The office is attractive with tasteful decorations and 
a paneled ceiling of native woods, while an ample 
fireplace, ornate in terra cotta, gives promise of a 
cheery comfort of a chilly evening in early spring or 
late summer when a fire may be a welcome addition, 
A newcomer is generally impressed with the idea 
that he has unexpectedly dropped in while a recep- 
tion is in progress, as it is a favorite gathering place 
for the lady guests of the house. Within the office 
is a telegraph office and a desk with pictures, books 
and periodicals. The piazzas, back and front, give 
choice of position for different hours of the day, or 
kinds of weather. Along the front extends a double 
line of thick-leaved maples, under and through 
which is displayed a charmingly restful view of vil- 
lage and mountain. On the east a shaded lawn 
slopes down to the water's edge. On the grounds 
are four comfortable cottages, two of which, stand- 
ing at the lake shore, with balconies that almost 
overhang the waters, are fine specimens of cottage 
architecture. 

Under the new management the Lake House has 
been thoroughly renovated ; parts have been made 
over new and newly furnished, and the most per- 



14 



Lake George. 



feet system of sanitary plumbing known introduced 
throughout. The table under the new system gives 
promise of a daintiness not common even at this 
house, which has been specially noted for years as 
one of the best at the lake, and the serving of lunch 
at noon and dinner at the close of the day is also an 
innovation which, while slow in coming, will undoubt- 
edly please old guests and new alike. Good music, 
furnished by Hartell's orchestra, will lend its charm, 
and is made much of here. 

The pavilion on the steamboat dock affords a 
pleasant lounging place of a sultry day, while the 
tennis court and ball ground offer opportunity of 
exercise to the more energetic of the hotel guests. 
The clientage of the Lake House is of the best. 



y».'«.,<^ 








- T^-. 



3 4 567 

CALDWELL FROM THE NORTHEAST. 

I Rattlesnake Cobble ; 2 Prospect Mountain House ; 3 Fort William 

Henry Hotel ; 4 R. C. Church ; 5 Lake House ; 6 Court 

House and Jail ; 7 Central House. 

The Central Hotel is just north of the Lake 
House on the opposite side of Main St. Capacity 
about 75. Rates $2 per day ; $8 to $14 per week, 
with special rates for the season. Open from June 
I to December. An omnibus free to guests of the 
house runs to all trains and boats. The *' Central " 
is substantial, comfortable and convenient. It is 
now under the management of Edwin J. Worden, 
for a number of years connected with the 



Lake George. 



15 



Lake House in various responsible positions. 
Mr. Worden unites youthful energy with ex- 
perience, and indicates by the thorough manner in 
which improvements have been made and the 
general *' ship shape " appearance in and about the 
place, that he knows, what constitutes a thoroughly 
good house. 

The Arlington Hotel adjoins the '' Central " 
on the south. Capacity about 60. Rates $2 per 
day; $8 to $14 per week. Eugene A. Denton, 
manager. A free 'bus runs to all trains. This 
house is open the year round and is popular with 
commercial 
travellers who 
p r ov erb i ally 
know a g o o d 
hotel on sight. 
It is compara- 
tively a new 
house and con- 
tains many of 
the modern 
c o n V eniences, 
including steam 
heat. The manager of the Arlington is also new in 
this position, but evidencesgood ability and promise 
of a successful future. 

The Carpenter House is farther south on . 
Main St. Capacity about 70. J. H. Carpenter pro- 
prietor. A free 'bus runs to all trains. Rates $2 
per day ; $7 to $10 per week. 

The Old Stone Store is a venerable landmark, 
now modernized and doing duty as a place of 
curios ; of fancy trinkets ; of books and pictures ; 
of bonbons and of drugs and medicines, with phar- 
maciest A. Ziebach as proprietor. 



^^M 


T\Kf ^iof{fjr 


^Mt 


x^G 


> (CALDWELL) 


Sw\ 


cENmrra 


N 


S^ 


^^H 


^/^^P^l 


M 



l6-A 



Lake George. 



Private Boarding Houses are here, some of 
which might, with propriety be termed hotels. 
Mrs. J. Quinlan has a large house with accommoda- 
tions for about 25, situated on Main street, south 
of the Lake House. Rates $8.00 to $10 per week. 



DISTANCES 

I K MILES 

From CALDWELL 



l^^-" 



ROCHESTER 25- »^tCH5ilCV 

FALLS 344' 



.0^^ 



^T^. 



■228 



fO)- 



cC^ 



K^"^ 



Washington 447c 



BALTIMORE 404 ^^ 



"The Crosby" is on Montcalm street, which 
leads up from the lake toward the base of Prospect 
Mountain. Pleasant accommodations for 20 may 
be found here at from $8.00 to $12.50 per week. 
That the fare will be sweet and wholesome, those 
who have known Crosbyside in its palmiest days 
may readily believe, for the same F. G. Crosby is 
proprietor here, and, though unfortunate, is the 
Grand Old Man still, and as deserving of honor in 
his heroic struggle as he who of old was succored by 
the good Samaritan. The house on the rising street 
near the edge of the forest is very attractive and 
the greatest trouble I anticipate will be that it will 
be too small for the demand. 



Lake George. i6-b 

Hotel Crosbyside is on the east shore of the 
lake, ^ of a mile in an air line from the railroad 
dock. (See map.) Capacity of house and cottages 
about 200. Rates $3 per day; $14 to $17.50 per 
week. Open from June to October. E. L. Seelye, 
lessee and proprietor. A free omnibus runs to all 
trains, and all steamers touch at the dock to land or 
take up passengers. Its grounds are delightfully 
shaded with noble trees, affording protection yet 
giving a full view of the broad lake at the north 
and west. 

The Lake George Camp Association has ac- 
quired territory on the east side south of Crosby- 
side and have erected and are erecting buildings for 
the accommodation of members. It is to be man- 
aged by prominent spiritualists of the country, and 
during the summer will have spiritualistic meetings 
with platform test mediums, materializing seances 
and other occult phenomena. Henry J. Newton of 
New York is president of the association. A large 
central hotel is proposed to furnish accommodations 
for upwards of 200 guests. 

Steamboats. — The first steamboat on Lake 
George was the '' James Caldwell," put on about the 
year 18 16 to 1820. She had a brick smoke stack 
and could go the entire length of the lake in one 
day ! The second was the '* Mountaineer," built 
about 1824. The third was the '' William Caldwell," 
built in 1838. The fourth the ** John Jay," coming 
on in 1850 and running until 1856 when she was 
burnt near Hague while on her regular trip. In 
1857 the " Minne-ha-ha " began and ran until the 
** Horicon," built in 1876, took her place. 



i6-c Lake George. 

The steamboat service is thorough, convenient 
and satisfactory to the public generally. The 
I* line " boats belong to the Lake Champlain Trans- 
portation Company, Capt. George Rushlow, Gen- 
eral Manager, with office at Burlington, Vt. The 
boats on Lake George and Lake Champlain (con- 
nected by train between the two) form a continuous 
day line through the two lakes. 

The Horicon (side-wheel steamer), was built at 
the old landing near the outlet in in 1876, re-built at 
Baldwin in 1890. It is of fine model, graceful pose, 
and can run 20 miles an hour under favorable con- 
ditions. The length of keel is 196 feet (203 over 
all), 85-10 feet hold, and 307-10 beam (about 52 
feet wide over all). It is of 643 tons burden, and 
privileged to carry 1,000 passengers. Three state- 
rooms are provided for guests or passengers, and 
arrangements are made for dining such as desire it. 
The saloon is 108 feet long, occupying the entire 
breadth of the boat between the wheel-houses. 
Captain E. S. Harris, (whose life-long service on the 
lake makes him authority on matters historical and 
otherwise, which he gives freely and interestingly 
to his passengers), is commander. The Horicon 
leaves Caldwell at about 9:30 A. M., on arrival of the 
train from the Hudson River night boats and 
touching at the various landings reaches Baldwin 
about noon, where passengers are transferred by 
rail to the Champlain boat at Fort Ticonderoga. In 
the afternoon the Horicon returns from Baldwin 
connecting at Caldwell with train south to the night 
boats at Troy and and Albany. The Horicon also 
makes the round trip to Baldwin on Sundays. 



Lake George. 17 

The Ticonderoga (side-wheel steamer), was built 
at the company's ship yard near the outlet, and 
launched August 23, 1883. Its dimensions are 172 
feet in length over all, 28 feet beam and 9 feet hold. 
The greatest width at guards is 46 feet, ordinary 
draft when loaded 4^ feet. Its interior finish is of 
native woods and its general arrangement like that 
of the Horicon Captain F. G. White, commander. 
The Ticonderoga leaves Baldwin at 7:30 in the 
morning, touches at the principal landings and 
reaches Caldwell to connect with midday trains for 
the south. On arrival of trains from the south at 
about 4:30 P. M., the Ticonderoga returns to Bald- 
win, touching when required along the way. Fare 
either boat, $1.50. Tickets are good for passage 
through the lake and return the same day without 
addition to the price. 

'*The Mohican," Capt. Everett Harrison, is 93 
feet long, 17 feet beam outside the guards; is equip- 
ped with a 200-horse-power engine and will carry 
200 passengers. The hull is of oak, the upper 
work of southern pine finished to show the natural 
wood. Her trip is to Paradise Bay, morning and 
afternoon weekdays, touching at all landings on 
signal. Fare 75 cents for the round trip. Satur- 
days the Mohican leaves Ft. Wm. Henry dock on ar- 
rival of evening train from the south and runs to Pearl 
Point, returning Monday morning in time for the 
early train south. The boat is staunch, graceful 
and fast, the captain an ideal commander, affable 
and obliging. The boat is subject to charter when 
not running on regular trips. 

Small steamers may be chartered at from $15 to 
$25 per day. 



1 8 Lake George. 

Roads and Drives. — Not alone is Lake George 
to be enjoyed from the water. Its drives are many 
and delightful. Livery rigs, luxurious, stylish, and 
sensible, can be had here at Lake George, at reason- 
able prices, considering the stock which has to be 
carried through to accomodate the limited season. 
The finest are to be found at the stables of H. R. 
Levens & Co., at the Fort William Henry Hotel, 
and may be called by telephone from any house 
about the head of the lake. 

The most picturesque road, and one in which the 
lake is the ever-present and ever-varying feature, is 
along the west shore to Bolton, which may be con- 
tinued up past north-west bay and indefinitely 
among the mountains beyond. The undesirable 
feature is its sand, which makes the wheeling heavy 
a portion of the way, but not to such an extent as 
to be an unsurmountable objection. Lateral roads 
lead from this up the western hills and offer a variety 
of interesting if somewhat laborious ways. 

The drive along the beach and down the east 
shore is an interesting one for thcje who enjoy woods 
and partially cultivated country. It passes by the 
ruins of Fort George Hotel, Crosbyside and a num- 
ber of very pretty summer cottages and the Con- 
vent of the Paulist Fathers, " St. Mary's of the 
Lake " rising finally to the cleared space around the 
north side of French Mountain to overlook a great 
expanse of the lake. A branch road may be fol- 
lowed along shore to Lake George Park, on 
Dunman's Bay, notable as the summer place of 
Edward Eggleston. 

The drive on the plank road to Warrensburgh, six 
miles north, where the Schroon River Is crossed, is 



Lake George. 19 

delightful, because of its shade. The ascent is 
gradual, rising through a picturesque notch between 
the mountains by the side of a babbling brook. The 
road bed is excellent for driving and usually as 
smooth and hard as an iron-like sand, quarried along 
the road, can make it. 

The road to Prospect Mountain and the Mount 
Ferguson House on one of its summits seen promi- 
nently at the west, yields an interesting wood and 
field excursion and a grand prospect when the top 
is reached. There are two passable ways of reaching 
it, by the " old road," which is generally preferred, 
going by the way of the Warrenburgh road to the 
first toll-gate, thence west around the mountain, ap- 
proaching the summit point finally from the south- 
west, by which the ascent is gradual, or by the "new 
road," which leads past the old Indian encampment 
and by a steep but shorter way arrives at the sum- 
mit from the south. From the observatory here 
fully one-half of the lake can be seen, and the main 
peaks of the Adirondacks easily distinguishable by 
one who knows them by their outlies. ' 

The most interesting drive, all things considered, 
of any at Lake George is the plank road south 
through French Mountain Pass, over the historic 
" Dark and Bloody Ground" to Glens Falls. 

Fort Gage stood on the hill that rises west of 
the road about one mile south and just beyond 
where the road from Fort George joins the plank 
road. The lines of earthworks may still be traced 
through the pines that now cover them. The slope 



20 



Lake George. 



was cleared of all timber down to the water's edge at 
the time of Abercrombie's advance in 1758. 

Bloody Pond is a mile farther, at the left of the 
road and between it and the railroad. It is simply 
a stagnant pool that in the early part of the season 
is nearly covered with lily-pads and great white pond- 
liHes, and in the summer becomes almost dry. It 
is said that a party of the French (after driving the 
English into their fortified camp at Lake George, 
and being driven back in turn),were seated around the 
pond at sunset, was partaking of their evening meal, 
when they were surprised by a party of English ad- 
vancing from Fort Edward, who poured in upon 
them a destructive fire. Totally routed, they fled in 
confusion, leaving their dead and wounded on the 
field. The dead were thrown into the pond by the 
English,their blood turning the water red,from which 
circumstance it received its name. 
Williams' Monument is about three milessouth 
of the lake, and west of the 
plank road. It is a plain mar- 
ble shaft, blue and white, 
standing on a huge bowlder, 
which is itself inclosed within 
an iron fence. It was erected 
in 1854 by the graduates of 
Williams' College, in memory 
of the founder of that institu- 
tion. On it are inscriptions 
^""^^^^1^^^^^ ii"! Latin, to s'low tlic Larniii;; 
of those who erected it, ;;:i(i 
in English, telling what it. is all about. From it \vc 
learn that it was '' Erected to the 7/iJ7/iorj o/COhOJsEL 
Ephratm Williams, a native of Nezvtown, Mass. 




22 



Lake George. 



The American Hotel, Monument Square, is sub- 
stantial and well ordered and enjoys a reputation 
for excellent fare and accommodations equaled by 
very few of the high priced houses of the country. 
Free 'bus to all trains. Rates, $2.00 per day. 
Pardo & Pardo, proprietors. 

The Van Cott, a comfortable house, is on South 
St. Charles Allen, proprietor. Rates, $2 per day. 
Free 'bus to all trains. 
The Granger house is 
near the fair ground. 
Rates, $1.00 per day. 
Specially noted for its 
jolly proprietor, the one, 




GLENS FALLS INSURANCE BUILDING. 

only and original " Marcus." There are other 
hotels with a well established clientage and reason- 
able rates. 



Lake George. 23 

The Glens Falls Insurance Company, located here, 
has through its agencies made the name of its birth- 
place familiar from Maine to Mexico. Organized 
in 1849, it has attained ^^ national prominence and 
a reputation as one of the soundest institutions of 
the kind in existence. As a fact, many a Lake 
George tourist knows more about this company and 
its officers than about the beautiful village after 
which it was named. Its new building just com- 
pleted on Monument Square is substantial, con- 
venient and becoming as the headquarters of a pros- 
perous institution that never failed in its obligations 
and never made a mistake. Such is its reputation 
and record. The officers of the company are J. L 
Cunningham, president ; R. A. Little, secretary. 

Joseph Fowler & Co. give employment to a large 
number of operatives. The factory on Glen St.* 
between Monument and Fountain Squares, is a very 
bee-hive of industry, well worth inspecting. Here 
are made all kinds of white shirts with collars and 
cuffs almost beyond number. The firm enjoys a 
reputation among dealers for producing high grade 
products with a superior finish, the pure, soft moun- 
tain water with which it is supplied making perfect 
laundrying a possibility. 

Van Wagner & Norris, in Opera House Block, 
make a specialty of fine custom work. Fine flannel 
and silk goods, negligee shirts and the countless 
necessaries of the. well-dressed man, fully equipped 
for his summer outing can be had here. The firm is 
reliable, the work staunch and serviceable. 



24 Lake George. 

The " Canopy-top Buckboard," manufactured 
here, is celebrated from Maine to Mexico. The 
" Time Globe," invented by L. P. Juvet, of this 
town, is known of scientific men in two hemispheres. 

The Glens Falls Terra-Cotta and Brick Co., a mile 
north of the village, employ upward of 75 men in 
the manufacture of red and buff pressed and molded 
brick and architectural terra-cotta for exterior and 
interior ornamentation. They own extensive beds 
of clay lying near. J. M. Coolidge is president of 
the company, and Charles Scales superintendent. 

Come with me down the Big Hill to the falls. 
You can see the mists that hang over the gulf and 
hear the sound of its waters. Noisy mills now com- 
pass it about, and the rythmic sob of many saws 
mingle with its dull roar that never ends, A grace- 
ful new bridge erected by the Berlin Bridge Com- 
pany, reaches out to the island from the north shore, 
while a stone arch spans the gulf at the south. At 
the south end of the long bridge, steps lead down 
to the flat rock, and near the lower end where it is 
notched and broken out, you may climb down to the 
level of the water, and enter the cave made memor- 
able by Cooper in his " Last of the Mohicans." 

In the dry season the volume of water is confined 
within the channels worn deep on either side, or 
finds its way in rivulets down across the pitted but- 
tresses of black rock. Here the ledges, which in the 
spring freshets are covered with a foaming torrent,are 
worn smooth almost as polished marble. Natural 
stairways lead in places to the top, and at intervals, 
holes in the rock, round and deep, are filled with 
water, with, possibly, at the bottom a remnant of the 



Lake George. 25 

stone that under the action of the waters has worn 
itself away iin vain turnings about in its deepening 
prison. Oa?. of these holes called the *' Devil's 
Punch Bowl," is about six feet in diameter and 
the same in depth. 

On either' '^ide are saw mills that have contributed 

to the town's pros- 
perity, full of life 
and action at 
times, at others — 
and that too often 
— stilled by sum' 
mer's drought or 
spring-time flood. 
On all sides are 
lumber piles. They 
line the, banks of 
the river away 
above. They wall 
in the canal 
along up to where, 
at the ''Feeder 
Dam," are more 
saw mills and 
more lumber piles 
It is estimated that the sawing 
capacity of these mills is 600,000 
standard logs per annum. This 
means 120,000,000 feet of lumber, 
or 30,636^^ miles of boards 
eight inches wide. If laid end to 
end they would extend around 
the eartii with a long lap to 
Sparc, and in seven years lay a good plank walk 




26 Lake George. 

to the moon, with no end of lath and slab*^' to 
throw at erratic asteroids or troublesome comets. 

The lime business is next in importance to 
lumber. In quantity manufactured it is equalled in 
the United States only by Rockland, Me., and in 
pc^int of quality stands at the head. The best rock- 
yields, when calcined, from ninety-five to ninety- 
eight per cent, of the purest and whirest lime to be 
found on the continent. It is used extensively by 
tanners, bleachers of cotton goods and manufactur- 
ers of paper, wire, gas, glass, etc. The lime rock is 
embraced in an area of not more than 250 acres, be- 
ginning at the head of the falls, and extending in a 
narrow belt on either side for perhaps near a mile 
down the river, the strata dipping slightly toward 
the south, and disappearing under the hill along 
that si^e. For a depth of about thirty feet it lies in 
thin strata, then comes a stratum of grey marble, 
from two to three feet in thickness, and under this 
the solid black marble, twelve feet thick. This is 
almost a pure carbonate of lime ; In its nativ estate 
of a bluish grey ; calcined. It Is whiter than snow. 
The tunnel on the south side from which the rock 
has been recently taken extends a considerable 
distance Into the hill — a vast room with rock-roof, 
supported by many massive columns, and well worth 
a visit. Lime was first burned here about the year 
1820, by Powell Shaw, then simply for home con- 
sumption. It was first manufactured and shipped 
to an outside market (Troy) by K. P. ^ Cool, In 
1832. 

Lime Kilns — clouds by day and pillars of fire at 
night, are below the falls. They are of the patent 
or ** perpetual" kind, with a burning capacity 



Lake George. 27 

of 100 barrels each per day Two sets of 
hands are required to attend to them, the fires 
running night and day. There are thirty of these 
lime-kihis. They are well worth visiting. 

T. S. CooHdge is the general agent. Sub-agents 
are appointed in the various cities. About 500 men 
are employed in this industry. The average pro- 
duction for the past twenty years has been 450,000 
barrels per annum, of which 200,000 are shipped 
annually to New York. 

The black marble (which is the purest carbonate 
of lime in the world, with perhaps the exception of 
the Irish and Belgian marble), in its native state, 
is of a dark blue ; wet, it becomes black ; polished, 
it shines like jet. Blocks are quarried as large as 
four feet square and nine feet long. It is sawed 
into slabs for tiles, table tops, mantels, interior 
decorations and ornamental work. There are two 
mills here that saw the stone. See them saw and 
note how, under dripping water and sand, the 
toothless saws eat their way through the solid rock. 

Wood pulp is manufactured in a large mill near 
the south end of the bridge, and vast quantities of 
wood that until recently, was considered almost 
valueless, now find its way in, in logs and comes out 
in thick sheets to be turned into paper in the ad- 
joining mill. 

The paper mill on the south side of the river has 
the perfected machinery of the day and reels off 
broad ribbons of paper a mile or more in length. 
The kind made is the kind used by the newspapers, 
and the fact that it is used by the Troy TimeSy the 
Brooklyn Eagle and the New York Sun proves its 
remarkable political flexibility. 



DOWN THE LAKE. 

Note. — By aid of accompanying large map, and 
the outline cuts distributed through the book, the 
reader should have no difficulty in locating all 
points of interest seen from the steamboats. Trav- 
elers from the north should read paragraphs as num- 
bered in reverse order, beginning at Ticonderoga. 
*' East " and ''west" indicate side to look from the 
channel usually taken by the steamboat. Distances 
given are air-line distances from Caldwell, unless 
stated differently. 

1. From the south. The outreaching point 
from the west terminates in Tea Island, about a 
mile distant (see outline cut) ; over this is Tongue 
Mountain ; a little at the right, the round top of 
Shelving Rock ; about two miles beyond Tea 
Island, at the right, is Diamond Island ; beyond 
this, partially hidden by it, is Long Island ; at its 
right edge is West Point. About two miles away, 
on the right, is Plum Point ; on the high ground, a 
little nearer, the summer place of the Paulist Fath- 
ers. Still nearer, among the trees, is Crosbyside. 
Over the beach, at the east, is the Fort George 
Hotel; and back toward the south, the ruins of 
the old fort. Toward the west is Prospect Moun- 
tain, and at its base along the west shore, is the 
village of Caldwell, known to the postal department 
as Lake George. 

2. Tea Island (west) is a little gem of an 
island, somewhat resembling the crater of an «-x- 



Down the Lake. 

tinct volcano, with the rim broken away on the east 
side, forming a beautiful harbor in miniature. 

Tradition says Abercrombie buried gold and val- 
uibles here; and a goodly share of the surface has 
been dug over, at different times, by the treasure 
seeker — some one suggested that the digging was 
for fish-worms, but the idea is too absurd to be en- 
tertained for a moment. 

The handsome building on the west side, one mile 
from the depot, is the residence of W. J. Price, of 
New York. A. D. F. Randolph, poet and publisher, 
has a modest cottage among the trees west of Tea 
Island. Rev. Dr. Butler, of Philadelphia, is near by. 
Rev. Dr. Tuttle occupies a cottage near the shore, 
north of Tea Island. Price Manor, residence of the 
late Col. W. W. Price, is on high land, two miles 
from the depot. The octagon building, at the 
waters edge, is not a light-house. 

3. St. Mary's of the Lake (east), a mile 
north of Crosbyside, in a grove of young trees, is 
the summer place of the Paulist Fathers. This so- 
ciety is composed of priests, whose work is chiefly 
that of missionaries, something akin to that of the 
old Jesuits. Their convent is in New York, pre- 
sided over by its founder, the Rev. Father Hecker. 
The Paulists also own Harbor Island, and camp 
there a portion of the year. 

4. Pr.UM Point (east), a half-mile north of con- 
vent, recciv^ed its name, it is said, because of the 
large quantity of plums raised here. The casual 
observer will see no plums, and may not see ^he 
point of this. (Mild joke.) 

5. Dunham's Bay opens up on the right. At 
its head is Lake George Park. Edward Eggleston 



Down the Lake. 33 

the stalwart author, lecturer, and divine, has a cot- 
tage here. 

6. Diamond Island (west), near the centre of 
the lake and three miles from its head, was so 
named because of the quartz crystals found upon 
its surface. It was fortified and used as a military 
depot by Burgoyne, after his capture of Ticonder- 
oga in 1777, and the same year was the scene of an 
engagement between the forces then in possession 
(the English) and a party of Americans under Col. 
John Brown, which resulted in the defeat of the lat- 
ter. In 1820 it was occupied by a family who 
gained a living by the sale of crystals found there. 
Diamond Island is owned by Dr. Paine. 

7. Cramer's Point (west, 2^ miles from Cald- 
well). It is said that this was an island, when the 
islands all belonged to the state : but a former 
owner of the adjoining shore looked upon it with 
longing eyes : and one night the kind waves, or 
something equally efficacious, filled up the inter- 
vening space with earth ; the island and the shore 
clasped hands across the muddy chasm ; the twain 
were made one flesh, and no law was found to put 
them assunder. Up at the road are the tasteful 
villas of George H. Cramer, of Troy, and Le Grand 
C. Cramer, his son. 

8. The Antlers (west 3^^), Jerome Burton, 
proprietor. Capacity ico. Rates $2 per day ; $8 
to $12 per week. P. O, Lal^c George, llou.sc 
completed and opened for 1891. 0[)en June 20 to 
October. 

9. Reid's Rock is just north of Cannon Point 
(west, 3^ miles). A man named Reid, whose love 
for rum had taken him acioss the lake one stormy 



3^ Lake George. 

night In late autumn, was found on this rock, in the 
morning, frozen stiff, and covered with Ice from the 
dashing spray. 

10. Orcut Bay is entered between Reld's 
Rock and Cannon Point. " The Healing Spring " 
is just over the ridge, west of this bay, and may be 
reached along shore from Caldwell. The visitor 
should see this spring, and talk with its honest, odd 
owner, " Uncle Joe,'* as he is universally called, 
who has firm faith in the efificacy of the water to 
cure all the ills that flesh is heir to. 

11. Diamond Point (west 4 miles) comes next 
The quartz here, like that of Diamond Island, oc- 
casionally yields very pretty crystals. Sampson 
Paul, an Indian, who flourished over half a century 
ago, once killed a panther with a common fishing- 
spear, here, as the poor brute was coming out of the 
water benumbed with cold. 

12. Diamond Point House (west, 4% miles). 
John Coolidge, proprietor. Capacity, about 50. 
Large boats do riot land. Reached by wagon from 
Caldwell, or by small steamers. P. O., Hill View. 

13. Canoe Islands (west, 4% miles), east of 
Diamond Point House, about midway between it 
and Long Island. Here the American Canoe As- 
sociation was organized in 1880. The Islands are 
owned by N. H. Bishop, and others. 

14. Long Island is the largest island at Lake 
George, being something more than a mile in 
length. The deed by which it Avas transferred by 
King George to private parties, bears date of July 
4, 1770. The house near its centre is the summer 
place of its owner. Dr. D. S. Sanford, of New York. 



Lake George. 35 

South Island is separated from Long Island by a 
narrow and shallow water-way the two evidently 
having at one time been one island. Together they 
are known as the Sanford Islands. A narrow strait 
divides South Island and Assembly Point, 




4 s 

VIEW NORTH FROM NEAR DIAMOND ISLAND. 

Dome Island ; 2 South Island ; 3 Shelving- Rock Mountain ; 4 Long- Island 
> Black Mountain ; 6 Buck Mountain ; 7 Pilot Mountain ; 8 Assembly Point. 

15. Assembly Point (right, 4^ miles from 
Caldwell), is the home of the " Lake George Klub" 
originally the Lake George Assembly, organized in 
1888. The president of the " Klub " is Dr. D. S. 
Sanford, of New York and Lake George, and its 
establishment is due almost entirely to the exer- 
tions of that tireless worker. I quote parts of the 
unique letter received in response to enquires, giv- 
ing the objects and aims of the community in a nut- 
shell, as follows: 

My Dear Friend: — Yours just at hand, asking 
present status of L. G. A. Will give it briefly as 
possible. The Lake George Assembly having been 
entirely reorganized, is now nothing more nor less 
than the Lake George Klub, and it is to be man- 
aged by and for its membership. 

There is no necessity here and now of saying any- 
thing about the romantic, picturesque, healthful 
beauty of Assembly Point — that point is conceded. 
I won't say, it is the beauty spot of Lake George — 
no one spot can claim that — but I will say, it is one 
of them. It is marvelously well adapted for a 



36 Lake George. 

Kottage Kolony Klub of Kontented, Kongenial 
Kottagers, and we don't want you for the first 3 K's 
if you are not built on the lines of the last 3 K's of 
that 6-K Kouplet. 

The lots vary in size, containing from three to 
twelve thousand superficial feet, and present prices 
run from 2 to 4 cts. per foot ; the average size of 
single lots will be 50x125. 

The certificates of stock are in shares of $10.00 
each. Not a share has been issued except for full 
face cash value. The capitalization will be low. 
At present it is $15,000. (Recently decided to raise 
it to $25,000.) The stock will not be watered, as 
the land itself has beautiful water views in every 
direction. (Water is all right in its place, of course, 
but not in land stock or milk.) Come and see 
Assembly Point. You will be none the worse for a 
day's outing, of which most people take all too few. 
Yours in hopes of Klub fellowship, 

Drurie S. Sanford. 

A number of pretty cottages are here occupied 
by notable people. The first one north of the 
landing is *' Mirror " cottage, occupied by W. H. 
Tippetts, editor of the "Mirror," Captain of the 
"Mirror," correspondent of a half-dozen Metropoli- 
tan dailies and special agent of the Forest Com- 
mission in charge of the Lake George Islands. 

The second cottage toward the north is the 
" Bolton ;" the third belongs to C. T. Sanford of 
Ravenswood ; the fourth to Rev. George D. Hultz 
of Brooklyn. H.S. Sanford, mayor of Long Island 
City (whose fight for the office, and for honest gov- 
ernment, filled so large a share of public interest last 
winter), also has a cottage here. 

16. Ripley's Point extends northward about 
a mile east of Assembly Point (right 5^ miles from 
Caldwell) — a pleasant colony of cottage camps, 



Lake George. 37 

popular and populous during the summer with 
Glens Falls, Sandy Hill and Fort Edward people. 
The hotel where the steamers land is Horicon 
Lodge. George A. Ferris, manager. Rates, $2 per 
day ; $8 to $12 per week. Capacity, about 100. 
Open June 25 to Sept. 15. P. O. Cleverdale. 
^17. Sheldon's Point (right 6 miles) is the 
next landing. The grounds are quite attractive. 
Rates not given. P. O. Kenneth. 

18. Lake George Villa is seen on the east 
side of Sheldon's Point and is spoken highly of. 
Capacity, 60. Rates, $1.50 per day; $8 to 10 per 
week. Franklin Gates, proprietor. P. O. Kenneth. 

19. Grove Hotel (right, 7 miles.) E. Wet- 
more, proprietor. Capacity, 75. $2.00 per day; 
$8.00 to $10.00 per week. Small steamers land at 
dock. P. O. Kattskill Bay. 

20. Irout Pavillion (right, 7 miles.) John 
Donahue, proprietor. Capacity, 100. Rates, $2.00 
per day ; $8 to $12 per week. P. O. (in the house.) 
Address Kattskill Bay. 

21. The Albion, north of the Trout Pavillion, 
will provide for 30. Rosa Phelps, proprietor. 

22. Kattskill House is on the high terraced 
bank at the north dock, shaded by a thrifty grove 
of birches. Capacity about 100 guests. Rates, 
$2.00 per day ; $10.00 to $12.00 per week. Open 
from June 15th to October. A. P. Scoville, pro- 
prietor. A wire connecting with the Western 
Union telegraph is in the office. Good fare is fur- 
nished, and the place is deservedly popular with an 
excellent class of patrons. 

23. Elizabeth Island appears as a point of 
the shore north of the Kattskill House. The Man- 



Lake George. 3^ 

hattan Club, composed of graduates of New York 
College, make it their summer camp ground. 

24. Pilot Mountain (right, 7 miles, air line 
from Caldwell), is nearly sharp at its summit, de- 
scends steeply to the lake at points where we lately 
touched, and further away, at the south, slopes 
gently down to the fertile plain of Harrisena. 

25. Buck Mountain (right, 9 miles) is a grand,- 
rocky, round-featured moumtain, along the east, ris- 
ing 2,000 feet above the lake. It is sparsely wooded 
at the summit. This, with Pilot Monntain on the 
south, is locally known as the deer pasture. Phelps' 
Point is at the lake, a little south of the highest 
part of Buck Mountain. A passable road leads out 
along shore from the Kattskill House. 

26. Victoria Lodge (east, 7}4m.), John W. 
Harris, proprietor. Address at Kattskill Bay, for 
particulars. 

27. Marion House (west side, sH n^iles from 
Caldwell), D. W. Sherman, proprietor ; H. L. Sher- 
man, manager. Capacity 4C0. Rates, $3.50 per 
day ; $14 to $25 per week. 

Recent additions have made this one of the largest 
(houses at the lake. It has been remodeled from 
of^ce to attic. Its public rooms are spacious, de_ 
lightfully open to the air, richly furnished through- 
out, and contain many unconventional appliances 
that tend to enjoyable ease. It is lighted with gas 
and electric lights throughout, and heated by steam* 
Its sleeping rooms are large, furnished modestly but: 
with excellent material, and supplied with superior 
beds. An elevator renders all floors almost equally 
-convenient and leaves little chxDice in rooms, 'unless' 
there are preferences in points of compass. Electric 



40 Lake George. 

bells communicate between guests' rooms and the 
office, and a wire from the office connects with the 
Western Union Telegraph. The sanitary conditions 
are pronounced perfect. Soft, sweet water is brought 
to the house through pipes, from a spring on the 
west mountain. All steamboats from north and 
south land at the dock. A feature of the table- 
supplies is the butter and milk, from a herd of 
Jerseys belonging to the Marion farm. 

The grounds surrounding the Marion are exten- 
sive and attractive. It has the advantage of ap- 
proach by land, as the picturesque road from Cald- 
well runs along the shore, past the house. Back of 
the house are rugged bluffs, and forests almost as 
wild as they were a hundred years ago. The views 
of the lake are broad and far-reaching. Livery rigs 
of standard excellence can be had at established 
prices. A feature here not common to the Lake 
George hotels is the tally-ho coach, " Marion," on 
which, a moonlight dash along the shore with a select 
party, or a trip over the mountains, represents the 
acme of rare coaching experience, and more fun 
than an old fashioned trip across the continent. 
The Marion is an exceptionally attractive place. 

The Agawam which stood on the shore of the bay 
a half mile north of the Marion House was des- 
troyed by fire in 1890. 

Northward from this point the boat usually skirts 
the picturesque shore, showing two or three pretty 
little islands, opening up the fine sweep of Basin 
Bay, then, in order, come Fish Point, The Three 
Brothers' Islands and finally Belvoir Island, seem- 
ingly a point of the main land until a narrow pas- 



Lake George. 4^ 

sage way reveals the open bay at the west. Belvoir 
belongs to Rev. Geo. W. Clow, of White Plains. A 
number of modest cottages are here among the 
trees. 

28. Recluse Island (west) is just east of Bel- 
voir, the steamer circling around it toward the west 
to make Bolton Landing. It is owned by Hon. Pliny 
T. Sexton of Palmyra. It was the subject of the 
"earthquake hoax" of 1868, at which time it was 
reported in the New York papers as having sunk 80 
feet below the surface. A graceful bridge connects 
it with what was once known as Sloop Island. 

29. Dome Island (east, 9 miles), near the cen- 
tre of the lake, next claims our attention as being 
the highest of Lake George's 220. Seen from the 
north or south, it has the appearance of a huge em- 
erald dome, somewhat flattened, but bearing enough 
of the appearance to justify the name. This island 
was purchased from the State in 1856, for $100. It 
is now the property of the owner of Recluse Island. 
The flag pole on the southerly end of the island 
sometimes supports a large banner inscribed " Union 
College," the significance of which is that Dr. Sex- 
ton, who is an honorary graduate and a fast friend 
of that institution, has thrown the island open to 
the use of the Union Alumni. 

Not to be behind the age Lake George has a gold 
mine. It is in the side of the mountain, near the 
water's edge, easterly across the lake from Dome 
Island. It Is said that gold is here in paying quan- 
tities and that platinum is also found. The opera- 
tions are carried on under the superintendency of 
L. P. Burroughs as mining expert and is that a large 
force of men will be put on soon. 



42 



Lake George. 



The Calf Pen is a notable notch in the rock 
along shore near the gold mine. The section be- 
tween this and Dome Island is noted as deep water 
fishing ground. 

30. Lake View House, R. J. Brown, proprie- 
tor. Capacity, loo. Rates, §3 per day; $12 to 
$15 per week. P. O., Bolton. 

This house has earned for itself that unfailing 

sign of approval — the re- 
peated return of old guests 
to familiar rooms and 
places, their number aug- 
mented annualh^ by new 
friends and kindred spir- 
its. The view is unsur- 
passed for quiet beauty, 
as revealed in retreating 
headland, pretty group- 
ing of island forms and 
the lovely gate-like open- 
ings of the distant Nar- 
rows, with giant Black 
Mountain beyond. 
Mr. Brown makes a very pleasant landlord, agree- 
able and obliging. The grounds around the Lake 
View are pleasant, and the effort has been quite suc- 
cessfully made of leaving nature's perfect work un- 
touched while relieving it of unsightly objects, and 
making all parts trim and accessible. There are de- 
tached buildings here for bowling and billiards, open 
space for croquet and tennis, retired walks, cozy 
seats and pleasant outlooks. A pleasant addition is 
the detached building back among the trees con- 
taining a large room for general assembly, hops, «tc. 





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Lake George. 



43 



(A "dark room'' on the grounds is a co a enience 
jthat is appreciated by amateur photoq:iaphers 
The new andlarger Lake View is but a question Qf 
■ time. A steam catamaran, built under Mr. Brown's 
rdirection plys between the house and Bolton Larid- 




LAKE VIEW HOUSE. 



ing, about a mile distant, tran-sferring guests of the 
house and baggage free. 

South of Lake View House is Concordia Bay, so 
named from the fact that its shores have been a 
favorite camping ground of the Union College boys. 
The attractive cottage on the point beyond, over- 
looking the lake from its rocky perch and appro- 
priately called " Buena Vista" was built in 1 889 by 
Robert C. Alexander of the New York bar, and 
publisher of the " Mail and Express." Mr. Alex- 
'^nder is owner of the tract which bounds the en- 
tire west shore of Huddle Bay, extending back tb 
the highway running from Caldwell to Bolton. Ex- 



44 



Lake George. 



tensive improvements have recently been made on 
this property in clearing up, opening drives and 
vistas, and laying out the lake frontage into cottage 
sites. On one of these, northward from Buena 
Vista, Rev. J. D. Kennedy of Brooklyn, has a 
handsome cottage. Charles Dudley Warner is on 
record as saying this is one of the most exquisite 
spots on Lake George, and Charles is right as usual. 

Phantom Bay, is the deep indention in the west 
shore north of the Lake View House. 

32. Locust Grove House, is on the westerly 
shore of Phantom Bay. Capacity 75. Rates $2.00 
per day $8.00 to $14.00 per week, George R. Fish, 
proprietor. The house is attractive, the fare 







LOCUST GROVE. 



wholesome, the proprietor hearty and obliging. 
What more would you ask? Scenery ? It is there^ 
rugged and picturesque at the rear, restful in the 
shadows of the locusts about the house, beautiful 
under them out on the little bay with its environ- 
ment of islands and points and beyond all a glimpse 
of the broad lake and the eastern mountains. 



Lake George. 45 

Sweet Brier Island is at the entrance to Phan- 
tom Bay on a line with the projecting point of the 
west shore. It is one of the great majority — state 
land — but is leased by Cashier Wm. A. Wait of 
Glens Falls and the modest little cottage thereon 
is occupied by himself and family during portions 
of the summer. The bold point north of Sweet 
Brier Island and the handsome villa back of the 
little bay, surrounded by an ample lawn on which 
are seen statues of men and beasts, belong to Wil- 
liam Demuth of New York 

The Bolton hills rise rapidly after leaving the 
shore and at points give remarkabiy fine views of 
the lake with most picturesque foregrounds and 
middle distance of projecting points and multiform 
islands. Particularly beautiful is the scene when 
the plume of the chestnut is out, and gorgeous the 
scene later when autumn touches the maples with 
her magic hand and paints the mountain sides with 
crimson and with gold. 

33. The Mohican House is among the trees 
on a projecting point on the west 9^ miles from 
Caldwell. Capacity about 100. Rates given on 
application. Frank Clark, proprietor. This is one 
of the oldest hotels on the lake. The place is now 
offered for sale with other desirable property along 
shore, by its owner, W. Rodman Winslow of New 
York. 

From the tribe of Uncas came the name Mohican 
and on the tall flag-staff that stood out on the 
point for many years was a wooden warrior de- 
fying sun and storm, and his silhouette as it was 
reared against the bright sky is today the totem of 
the modern " Mohican." 



Lake George. 47 

The legends of the place are many. One is of a 
beautiful Indian girl who was brought a prisoner 
from the shores of the Great North Lakes by the 
Mohicans in one of their periodical war raids 
through " The Lake that is the Gate of the Country/' 
Arrived at their village here, a young chief, the pride 
of the nation, gazed into the stranger's dark eyes 
and was made captive by her grace and beauty. He 
would have taken her to his wigwam in preference 
to any maiden of his own tribe but the old women 
of the nation had chosen for him another bride, and 
when he again went on the war-path, and the cruel 
old men and women only were in possession of the 
camp, it was decreed that the daughter of the 
northern tribe should die. They bound her to the 
stake, piled faggots high around her slight form and 
the fire was lighted, but as the crackling flames 
curled upward, a supernatural figure that shone like 
a blazing comet — stronger than a buffalo and 
swift as the wind — swept through the circle, scat- 
tered the blazing brands like playthings right and 
left, and seizing the willing captive, dashed out again 
before the awe-struck crowd had recovered from 
their terror. Running through the growing corn to 
the middle of the field at the west he sprang to the 
top of a large stone, and from it flew upward with 
his burden, over the hills, and the girl was never 
seen more. Curiously enough also the young brave 
came not back with his party. He had vanished out 
of their life. But thereafter, at every coming of the 
tasseled corn, some warrior of the tribe was slain by 
a mysterious being who came out from dark 
Oulusca — '* The Place of Shadows '* west of the great 
peaks — a warrior who shone like the fox-fire of the 



48 Lake George. 

The Bolton House, standing back a little way 
from the landing, will accommodate lOO. Rates, $3 
per day; $10 to $15 per week. John Vandenbergh, 
proprietor. West of the landing is the Roman 
Catholic Church. A Baptist Church is at the hamlet 
of Bolton Landing, a quarter-mile further north. 
Here also are the Stewart and Goodman houses — 
places of good repute and moderate prices. Back 
of the ornate balustrade along shore north is Ga- 
nouskie Cottage, belonging to Ezra Benedict, of 
New York. The large, red-roofed house with glass 
summer-house attached, north of the Pine grove, is 
occupied by R. W. Wilson, local manager for Com- 
modore Simpson. Then comes a red structure with 
tall, round tower, belonging to E. B. Warren, and 
occupied by his famous fisherman "Alex" Taylor. 

36. Wilson's is at the west end of the long 
bridge that connects Green Island with the main 
land. Capacity 20. J. B. Wilson, proprietor. The 
red building on the heights beyond belongs to Mrs. 
Putnam. Farther north is the summer residence 
of George W. Silcox. 

1 2 8 4567 89 



SOUTH FROM THE SAGAMORE DOCK. 



t Dome Island •, 2 Elizabeth Island ; 3 Kattskill Bay • 4 Lon^ Island ; s 
French Mountain ; 6 Recluse Island ; 7 Canoe Islands ; 8 Belvoir Island 
Q Caldwell (not visiblci. 

37. The New Sagamore is on Green Isiand 
(west g}^ miles). Capacity 400. Rates given on 
application. Open June 30 to September 30. M. 
O. Brown, manager. All steamers land. This new 
house was erected on the foundations of the first 



Lake George. 49 

Sagamore burned June 27, 1893. The accommoda- 
tions and general management of the Sagamore 
are excellent. 

Of the attractive cottages alon'g shore on either 
side the one nearest the dock on the west, " Belle- 
vue,'' is occupied by Gen. Robert Lenox Banks, of 
Albany. The next, ''Nirvana," is the summer place 
of J. B. Simpson, Jr., of New York. East, and 
nearest the dock is the cottage of George Burnham, 
12 3 4 5 '^ 7 



THE NARROWS FROM THE SAGAMORE DOCK. 

s Crown Island ; 2 Northwest Bay ; 3 Tongue Mountain ; 4 Black Mounta'lo 
S Fourteen Mile Island ; 6 Mt. Erebus ; 7 Shelving Rock Mountain. 

and beyond it turreted " Vapanak " belonging to E. 
B. Warren — each a study architecturally and all 
charmingly picturesque. 

From the Sagamore dock, the boat runs almost 
due east toward the entrance to the Narrows, about 
two miles distant. 

38. Crown Island (west, lo miles) but a little 
distance from Green Island is the summer place of 
Wm. T. Wells, President of the Wells Rustless Iron 
Company, of New York. A picturesque Queen 
Anne cottage on the swelling south shore, thickly 
growing trees rising evenly to its royal summit, 
with glimpses of winding walks caught from the 
passing steamer, suggests the refinement of summer 
rest and seclusion on this " Tight Little Island." 
Northwest Bay (or ''Ganouski" as the Indians called 
it) extends northward about four miles beyond 
Crown Island. 



Lake George. 51 

39. Oahu Island (west 11 miles), is the prop- 
erty of Gen. P. F. Bellinger, of Elizabeth, N. J. 
Gen. Bellinger occupies the cottage toward the 
south, while the one near the north end is the sum- 
mer place of J. W. Moore, Chief Engineer U. S- 
Navy. 

40. Tongue Mountain rises rugged and 
broken, west of the Narrows, and, sloping gradually 
southward, terminates in Montcalm Point, owned by 
Mr. J. Buchanan Henry. West of the mountain is 
Northwest Bay. *' Green Oaks," the summer place 
of E. Corning Smith, of Albany, is on Turtle 
Island, lying northeast of Montcalm Point. 

41. Fourteen Mile Island is on the east 
side (Hotel Kenesaw) 11 miles from Caldwell. 

Why called Fourteen Mile Island the oldest in- 
habitant does not pretend to say. It is presumed, 
however, that fourteen miles was the estimated dis- 
tance from Fort William Henry before actual 
measurement demonstrated it to be less. The island 
has an area of twelve acres, portions of which are 
extremely picturesque in combination of rock and 
soil, and with fine specimens of oak, chestnut and 
Norway pine. Its shores are rocky and broken in 
some places, in others rounding smoothly over into 
the deep water, with huge, lichen-covered boulders, 
smooth, rocky floors carpeted with thick mosses, 
and hollows filled with waving ferns. 

On the east, separating it from the mainland, is a 
narrow and deep channel, through which the largest 
steamers can pass. Here is another dock where ex- 
cursion steamers land. This island belongs to the 
Steamboat Company, and this east side has been 



52 Lake George. 

fitted up for the accommodation of picnic parties, 
with refreshment rooms, a dancing pavilion, croquet 
grounds, swings, photograph gallery, etc. 

The Bungalo Islands at the south form a 
pretty group, on one of which Delavan Bloodgood, 
medical director U. S. Navy, has built picturesque- 
ly after the fashion of the East Indian bungalow. If 
you follow along the rocky shore south of Fourteen 
Mile Island you will find many pretty bays and head- 
lands. At one point a little brook makes out over a 
beach ; following up a little way, you will be rewarded 
by the sight of a little gem, among cascades, called 
Shelving Rock Falls. 

42. The Hundred Island House, (east iij 
miles from Caldwell) is owned by George E. Knapp> 
who, visiting the Lake for the first time last spring, 
chartered a steamer for a little run down into the 
Narrows, to see how it looked. He stopped off here 
for dinner, and was so well pleased with dinner and 
place that, finding the latter in the market, drew his 
check for the required amount, finished his cigar and 
told the ladies to go ahead with the business. Mr. 
Knapp is from Chicago. 

The ladies are going ahead with the business now. 
Miss Jennie Bradley is lessee, with Miss M. J. Groerk, 
— the presiding genus of old at Fourteen Mile Island 



Lake George. 53 

and later here — as manager. The house will provide 
for 100 guests. Rates $2.50 to $3 per day ; $10 to 
$17.50 per week. The post office (Shelving Rock) 
is in the hotel office. Everything here suggests 
homely welcome and comfort. The patrons of the 
house become its friends. It is much visited early 
and late in the season by hunters and fishermen and 
is a favorite resort among artists. 

The location is capital for a summer house, afford- 
ing a protected harbor for small boats, a new dock 
easy of approach for large. It is built in the most 
substantial manner possible, and with a degree of 
finish seldom applied to hotels designed simply for 
summer occupancy. The table is exceptionally 
wholesome, and served in an attractive manner. 
Fresh milk and vegetables come from the farm 
belonging to the house. The post-office — " Shelv- 
ing Rock " — is in the hotel office, and the telegraph 
is close by. 

A stairway leads up to the sightly observatory, 
from which the roof may be gained, and a view ob- 
tained that has hardly its equal anywhere on the 
lake, showing the broad, open water toward the 
south and west, the hundred islands of the Narrows, 
and the lake stretching away to Sabbath Day Point 
at the north. 



54 Lake Geoege. ^ 

The Pearl Point House is one of the leading 
hotels of the Lake. Its furniture and appointments 
are Hberal and complete in all respects. Rambling, 
quaint and profusely ornate in architectural design, 
the buildings attract much attention and admiration. 
Nestling amid abundant shade trees, surrounded by 
piazzas, with tasteful, elaborate and admirably kept 
grounds, little imagination is required to invest the 
place with unusual interest. Including two hand- 
some cottage buildings, or dormitories, the estab- 
lishment affords accommodations for one hundred 
and fifty guests. From its opening, in 1876, it has 
been exceedingly well managed, and has secured 
a permanent reputation and patronage of superior 
character. It is conducted on strict temperance 
principles, and on that account has peculiar attrac- 
tions to many. 

The location in the Narrows, faced and flanked by 
*' The Hundred Islands," on account of the shelter 
afforded by the islands, make boating delightful in 
any state of the wind, while the fishing of the neigh- 
borhood is excelled nowhere on the Lake. That 
both may be enjoyed without stint, the proprietor 
makes a special feature of his boat livery, having 
provided a numerous and really elegant fleet of 
boats of various styles and sizes, suitable for every 
requirement, all equipped with the best in the way 
of oars, cushions, etc. Telegraph wires and daily 
mail-s enable guests to communicate readily with the 
outer world. D. W. Sherman, proprietor. Rates 
$3.50 per day, $12.00 to $21.00 per week. 



Lake George. 
West from Pearl Point is Raniijer Island 



55 



on It 

the pretty cottage with sharp-peaked tower. Next 
toward the north Juanita where the Bullard broth- 
ers and sisters come. On Glen Island next 
at the north is the house where the Glen Club, 
more commonly known as the "Cold Water Club" 
for obvious reasons, composed of solid men from 




g^ic^.-:-^"- S7 







PEARL POINT. 

Glens Falls become boys again every year. At the 
left of Glen is Uncas Island; at the right "Phantom" 
with its attractive cottage and tastefully deco- 
rated summer houses, occupied during the summer 
by Hon. Jerome Lapham, of Glens Falls. Gem 
Island, next at the north, has a rude club-camp; 
Gravelly Island is the nearest to Pearl Point at the 
north. Over toward the west shore, between 
Ranger and Juanita can be seen parts of big "Tur- 
tle " and " Phelps " Islands. All of these islands ex- 
cept Turtle, belong to the state. 



Lake George. 

Burnt Island is the largest of the Hundred 
island group, and occupies a central position toward 
the north. On it half wild goats have for several 
years lived and bred. 

As-You-VvERE Island is the last of the group 
near the west shore. 




rRENCK POINT KARBOK Tl TUKMi! BUTEBy la/uos* jaB3ut mnuSi 

Little Harbor Island, east of the last named 
has on its north border one of tlie curious holes in 
the rock supposed by some t) hcve been the work 
of the aborigines. 

Fork Island, its shape suggesting the name, 
terminates the cluLter at the northeast. 

Paradise Point, a beautiful peninsula — site of ^* 
proposed hotel colony — -extends from the east shore, 
separating Red Rock Bay on the south from Para- 
dise Bay on the north, the latter guarded by a cluster 
of very pretty islands. 

There are others, a multitude of them, some rising 
abruptly from the depths, moss-draped and thicket- 
crowned, while others only see the light when the 
water sinks to its lowest level. All around are 
treacherous shoals and reefs, and when the light is 
right and the water rough, you may see the surface 
checked and spotted by the bright green that marks 
their position, while the little steamer, with many £ 
graceful turn, threads the labyrinth as the verdcual 
gateways op-en and close along her course. 



Lake Georgb. 

French Point projects from the west shore, 13 

miles north of Caldwell. The shore here is rugged 
and broken, running in places straight up from the 
water, Tongue mountain rising sheer from the littU 
plateau. The Sherman House that stood here was 
burnt to the ground at the close of the season of 
1889. 

Black Mountain stands on our right, the mon* 
arch of the lake stretching away to the north, seem* 
ing to recede as we approach and travel with us, its 
granite crest lifted over two thousand feet above us, 
its rocky sides seamed and scarred and reddened by 
fires that have swept over it in times past. A senti- 
nel, it seems, overlooking the whole lake and moun- 
tains round about ; the first to welcome the rising 
sun, and at evening, glowing in the splendor of the 
dying dky, while the valleys below are misty with 
the shadows of coming night. From its summit, 
2,661 feet above tide, and 2,315 above Lake George, 
nearly the entire lake may be seen. To the, north 
is Lake Champlain ; at the east lie the Green Moun- 
tains; on the west and north the Adirondacks rise 
one above another, while away toward the south, 
like a thread of silver, stretches the mighty Hudson. 
Don't forget to take an extra blanket or heavy 
shawl if you make the ascent, — and don't forget the 
luncheon. Horicon Pavilion, which stood on the 
cleared space southwest of Black Mountain called 
Black Mountain Point, was destroyed by fire April 
2ist, 1889. It was a poem in wood and stone, a 
work of art that seemed here a part of nature's self. 
From this point an excellent road ascends to the top 
of Black Mountain* 



Lake George. 59 

Half Way Isle is under the west shore, the 
centre of a circle, of which the circumference is the 
rim of a mountain that rises, amphitheater-like, around 
its western side. As its name indicates, it marks the 
centre of the lake. 

The " Three Sirens," lovely and inviting, but 
surrounded by dangerous shoals and reefs, are out 
in the middle of the lake nearly opposite Halfway 
Island. 

Hatchet Island is one of the same chain; th« 
derivation of the name is unknown, but tradition 
connects it with a good little boy who couldn't tell ? 
Ue. 

One Tree Island it fa just outside the channel 
The stump is all that remains of that "one tree." 

Floating Battery is north of One Tree Island, 
the southernmost large island of a group lying along 
the east shore, opposite the highest point of Black 
Mountain, In the little bay on its south margin is the 
remains of what is said to be one of the two 
"castles," floating batteries, or gunboats, built to 
accompany Abercrombie down the lake in his ad- 
vance on Ticonderoga, in 1758. The name is some- 
times applied to the entire group, as it stretches 
along shore. 

Mother Bunch is the name given to the north- 
ernmost member of the group, because, it is said, of 
a fancied resemblance between a portion of the island 
and an old woman; it is a beautiful tribute to the 
memory of the old lady any way, while the classic 
elegance and appropriateness of the name only fell 



The Harbor islani>s. 

ihort of absolute inspiration in that it was not 
advanced a step farther to "Grandmother" Bunch, 
and done with it 

The Gives Rock is a solid wall, breaking off 
perpendicularly from the mountain slope on the right, 
north of Mother Bunch; water constantly drips over 
its face, and cives, a species of garlic growing in 
tufts, and liked as a relish by sonie, spring spontane- 
ously from its fissures ; the largest boat can be laid 
up along side of this rock in still weather. A venera- 
ble landmark, known to have been there sixty-five 
years, is an old stub, projecting a little above the sur- 
face, and swaying about just outside the usual course 
of the steamer; below the portion that has been worn 
down by the ice it is four feet in diameter, its point 
downward, and supposed to be anchored in the 
bottom of *he lake. The water here is seventy feet in 
depth. ^ 

The Harbor Islands are near the center of the 
lake, the west channel passing close by their western 
border ; they are owned by the Paiilists, who received 
a title to them from the State, m 1872, and who 
occupy them occasionally as a camping place. The 
group is the first of any considerable size on the 
west side, north of the Narrows, and was once the 
scene of one of the bloodiest engagements in the 
history of the lake. On the 25tliof July, 1757, a party 
of between three and four hundred English, command- 
ed by Gol. John Parker, left Fort William Henry, and 
under cover of the darkness proceeded dovm^ the 



Lake GeorgEo 6i 

lake on a scout. When near this place, at dawn of 
the next morning, dark objects shot out from among 
the islands and the surrounding gloom to meet 
them, while the savage war-whoop sounded on all 
sides. As the yelling horde advanced the English 
became panic-stricken and sought safety in flight. 
But their clumsy barges were no match for the light 
canoes of the enemy. Some threw themselves into 
the lake a^id succeeded in reaching the shore, there 
to be pursued and struck down by the savages. 

One hundred and thirty-one of the English were 
killed outright, twelve escaped, and the rest were 
taken prisoners. Of the latter, Father Roubaud, 
a Jesuit priest, says in his " Relations " : " The 
first object which presented itself to my eyes on 
arriving there was a large fire, while the wooden 
spits fixed in the earth gave signs of a feast — 
Indeed, there was one taking place. But oh. 
Heaven, what a feast ! The remains of the body 
of an Englishman were there, the skin stripped off 
and more than one-half of the flesh gone. A moment 
after I perceived these inhuman beings eat, with 
famishing avidity, of this human flesh ; I saw them 
taking up this detestable broth in large spoons, and, 
apparently, without being able to satisfy themselves 
with it ; they informed me that they had prepared 
themselves for this feast by drinking from skulls filled 
with human blood, while their smeared faces and 
stained lips gave evidence of the truth of the story." 
The good father attempted to reason with them, but 
to no avail. One said to him : " Vou have French 
taste; I have Indian ; this food is good for me,'' of- 
fering at the same time a piece of the human flesh 
to the horrified priest. 



UiKM GBOECn. 

•Captain Sam" 

Vicar's Island is just north of the Harbor Islands. 
Here, on its. northern border, an affecting incident 
transpired once, of which Captain Sam Patchen^ 
who lived at Sabbath Day Point at the time, was 
tne hero. One winter's day he conceived the idea of 
sailing his grist to Bolton mill on the ice. So, 
piling the bags of grain into the old cutter, with a 
pitchfork, held firmly in his hands, for a rudder, ho 
hoisted sail and sped away before a stronc: north 
wind. 




1 he ice was *'glare," and the cutter sailed well — 
remarkably well ; but there was not so much cer- 
tainty about the satisfactory behavior of the steer- 
mg apparatus. The old man, it is said, was given 
to spiritual things occasionally, and had, on this 
occasion, evidently hoisted in rather too much ryr 
in the liquid form to conduce to the safe transport 
tion of that in the bags. The craft insisted ob 



Lake George. 63 

heading directly for the island, and could not be 
diverted from its course — it was of the kind called 
''jumper" — a mettlesome old jumper at that, and 
the captain had a great deal of confidence in its 
ability to do whatever it undertook. So he decided 
to jump the island. He tried it. It was not, strictly 
speaking, a success. The cutter reached the shore, 
and paused against a rock, but Sam was anxious to 
get along, and continued on with the bags and finally 
brought up in a snow-drift. 

Captain Sam was always dignified, and on this 
occasion it is said his manner of resting on that 
snow-drift was remarkably impressive. Even the 
snow felt moved, and the island itself was touched, 
and when he came out and set his radiant face home- 
ward he was not a Sam of joy or a Sam of thanks- 
giving, but a Sam abounding in language that would 
set a mule driver up in business, and bring despair 
to the boss canvasman of any circus traveling. 

Deer's Leap Mountain is on the west, a little way 
north of Vicar's Island. The top is rounded, the 
side facing the lake a perpendicular wall of rock, 
at its foot are great fragments of rock that have 
fallen from time to time, and said to be a favorite 
resort for the rattlesnake. Once on a time a buck 
pursued by hunters, was driven to the brow of the 
precipice, a pack of yelling hounds close at his heels. 

" Not the least obeisance made he ; 
Not a minute stopped or stayed he— 

but leaping fearlessly, far out over the giddy height, 
was impaled on the sharp point of a tree below. 

Hulett's Landing (east, 18 miles from Cald- 
well), Henry W. Buckell, manager. Capacity, 125. 
Rates, $2.50 per day ; $9 to $14.00 per week. Open 
June to November. P. O., Hulett's Landing. 



64 Lake George. 

The surroundings are exceedingly wild and inter- 
esting. The plan for the entertainment of guests 
is of a central building containing the general office, 
with post and telegraph offices, a second containing 
assembly and music rooms ; a third with the dining- 
room, kitchen, etc., connected with the first by a 
picturesque covered walk, and several detached 
cottages that may be rented by families or assigned 
to guests in common with the rooms in the main 
building. Steamers land going each way. It can 
be reached also via Chubb's Dock on the D. & H. 
R. R., 5 miles east. A wagon road has been made 
from this point to within a mile of the top of Black 
Mountain. 

Meadow Point is north of Hulett's on the same 
shore. A cluster of pretty cottages here, fitted up 
with necessary conveniences, may be rented with 
or without board. Here Cyrus Butler hoped to es- 
tablish a summer school of music, painting and 
botany, but in his death the enterprise lost its in* 
spiration and " Horicon " an ardent admirer. He 
was one of the most lovable of men, a sympathic 
friend and a generous enthusiast whose benefactions 
were limited only by his means as many a struggling 
genius can mournfully attest. 

Hog's Back is the rugged mountain back of 
Meadow Point. Near its highest point Putnam and 
Rogers once came upon an Indian encampment, and, 
after the heroic manner of warfare in those days, left 
none to tell the tale. Illustrative of the brutal 
nature of the man and the spirit of retaliation which 
to some seemed to justify the most cruel measures, 
Rogers, it is said, killed an Indian baby by dashing 



Lake George. 



65 



its brains out against a tree, and when remonstrated 
with by Putnam said, ** It's a nit and will be a louse 
if I let it." 

The red-roofed, Swiss-like building, on a point 
beyond Meadow Point, is the summer place of De 
Lorm Knowlton, of New York. North of Hog's 
Back stretches Spruce Mountain — strikingly bold 
and precipitous. 



ROGER S ROCK. ANTHONY S NOSE. 




SABBATH DAY PT. 



BLUFF HEAD. 



Bluff Head is the long point extending out 
from the east shore. The late Rev. A. D. Gillette, 
D. D., for many years pastor of Calvary Church 
New York, made this his summer home. His widow 
and sons, Dr. Walter R. and Daniel G. Gillette 
have cottages here now. 

From Hulett's Landing, we run diagonally across 
the lake to Sabbath Day Point, about two miles dis- 



BLACK MT. 




SHELVING ROCK. 


TONGUE MT. 






*^ 




^^"-wT 















ELEPHANT. VICAR 's I. DEER's LEAP. 

tant. As we draw near to the dock glance back- 
ward toward Black Mountain. Note how the old 
giant asserts his supremacy, rising up and o'er top- 
ping his less stately supporters. A little further 
along and 'he is again the stately centre of the pic- 
ture. 



66 Lake George. 

The Elephant stands back there at the north 
end of Black Mountain. See his well-formed head 
toward the west ; his eye, and the rift that marks the 
outline of his massive jaw; the wrinkled neck and 
great round back, with scattered bristles of dead 
pines clearly defined against the sky beyond. 

Sugar Loaf Mountain is over at the left of the 
Elephant. Its summit, viewed from a little distance 
north of Sabbath Day Point, looks very like a pig 
lying down, with his sharp nose pointing east. These 
animals were, undoubtedly, a part of the lot created 
"in the beginning." 

Twin Mountains are seen in the southwest from 
Sabbath Day Point. The southernmost one is the 
Deer's Leap, the other locally known as Bloomer 
Mountain. 



\ 







TWirWOUNTAINS FJ!(}^F WSBATtTIJAy POINt ^=52 



Sabbath Day Point (west, about 19^ miles 
from Caldwell). Capacity, 25, P.O., Sabbath Day 
Point- F. A. Carney, Proprietor. 

Sabbath Day Point has been the scene of mari\ 
stirring incidents in the history of Lake George. It 
commands the approach by water on either hand, 
and would naturally be selected for a camping place 
by parties who had reason to expect an enemy near. 
Here, in 1756, a body of provincials, under Putnam 
and Rogers, repulsed a superior force of French and 
Indians ; and on the 5th of July, 1758, Abercrombie, 



Lake George. ^'j 

with his splendidly equipped army of over fifteen 
thousand men, landed for rest and refreshment, 
remaining until near midnight, when he moved down 
the lake, leaving immense fires burning, to give his 
watchful enemy the impression that he was still 
there. 

In September of the following year Gen. Amherst, 
with twelve thousand men, drew his boats up on 
the sandy beach west of the house, and passed the 
Sabbath with appropriate religious ceremonies. 
To this circumstance is sometimes ascribed the name, 
although it had been called Sabbath Day Point for 
some years before. It is said also, but on doubtful 
authority, that an engagement occurred here in 
1776 between fifty Americans and a force of tories 
and Indians, resulting in the defeat of the latter. 

In 1765, eleven years before the engagement 
spoken of, we find record of a house here, occupied 
by one Samuel Adams. In 1798, Capt. Sam Patchen 
(hero of the cutter ride to Vicar's Island) built a 
log-house near the site of the present building, since 
which the Point has never been without its resident 
family. The late owner of the Point, also named 
Sam — Capt. Sam Westurn, lived here for many 
years, a genial pleasant companion. The place is 
very homelike, wholesome and pleasant. 

The Indian Kettles, at the edge of the water on 
the bay north of the Point, are good specimens of 
rock boring — but you wonder whence the grinding 
power that should create them — by the side of 
quiet water. 

Grace Memorial Chapel was erected here in 
1885 in memory of the wife of Mr. Norman Dodge, 
daughter of Rev. A. D. Gillette, D.D. It cost 



Lake George. 69 

about $7,000, contributed by the New York families 
who had made this place their summer home. 

On the west shore, south of Sabbath Day Point, 
are summer cottages severally owned in the order 
here given, by Mrs. J. M. Jackson, Orange ; Rev. 
Wm. H. Vroom, Ridgewood ; Mrs. Selah Strong, 
New Brunswick, N. J. ; Henry Bartlett, (boarding 
house) ; Mrs. H. L. Strong, Flatbush ; and Wm. H. 
Van Cott and Rev. A. H. McKinney, New York. 
On the point north of the steamboat landing is the 
summer place of J. F. Chamberlain, of New York. 
A mile further north are the cottages of Rev. C. F. 
Hageman, Rev. D. B Wyckoff and Dr. Landon. 

Silver Bay (landing, telegraph and post office), 
west 22 miles from Caldwell), J. J. Wilson, pro- 
prietor. Capacity, 100. Rates $10.00 to $15.00, 
according to room. Open June to October. 
Friends speak of it as " Brookdale Farm," and 
speak admiringly of place and proprietor alike. 
The large house on the high ground north of the 
dock is the summer residence of Silas H. Paine, of 
the Standard Oil Company. 

Scotch Bonnet, four miles north of Sabbath 
Day Point, is a flat rock, a little above the surface, 
lying west of the channel. 




45 6 7 8 

SOUTH FROM NEAR HAGUE. 
I Sugarloaf Mt.; 2 Black Mt.; 3 Odel Is.; 4 Bluff Head ; 5 Hulett's Land- 
ing ; 6 Sabbath Day Point ; 7 Slim Point ; 8 Scotch Bonnet. 




HAGUE. 

[(AGUE is situated on a broad, sweeping 
bay, at the west side of the lake, 28 
miles from its head. The general char- 
acter of its scenery is peaceful, lacking 
the grandeur of the Narrows, but here 
the artist will find plenty of matter for 
study in the great variety of foliage, lichens and 
mosses, the many-colored rocks, the rugged islands 
and the graceful elms, whose slender branches droop 
and sway like the weeping willow, the like of which 
is seen nowhere else at the lake. 

Good bass fishing is found near by, and two fine 
trout brooks render the place attractive to those who 
throw the fly, while the shore, all the way back to 
Sabbath Day Point, is considered good hunting 
ground. A walk up the valley road, north of the 
house, gives a number of tke most charming bits of 
scenery imaginable. 

The Phcenix Hotel is the large, white three* 
story building seen a little way north of the steam- 
boat landing. The house will accommodate fifty, 
comfortably. A level, grassy lawn stretches from 
the house out to the sandy beach along the water 



Lake George. 71 

front. Rates not given. George F. Marshall, pro- 
prietor. 

** The Hillside," John McClanathan, proprietor, 
is situated a few rods north of the Phoenix, where 
a brawling brook comes down through the valley at 
the west. This house stands on high ground and 
has a more extended view than the Phoenix. It is 
well spoken of by old guests. Capacity of house 
about 75. Rates given on application. 

Trout House, Charles H. Wheeler, proprietor. 
Capacity 40. Rates, $1.25 per day ; $7 to $8 per 
week. Free conveyance to the steamboat landing 
in season. Open all the year. Here the most 
wholesome of country fare is provided, and home- 
like comfort rules the establishment from one year's 




TROUT HOUSE. 

end to the next. It is one of the places where you 
are made to feel that your welcome is not always 
guaged by the length of your purse. " Charley " 
can tell to a nicety just where the big trout is to be 
found, and, next to landing it himself, he enjoys 
showing some favored one the way to do it. A ten- 
nis court is a pleasant feature here. 



72 



Lake George. 



The Rising House is a short distance north of 
the Trout House, on the flank of a hill that, rising 
into quite a mountain toward the west, comes thickly 
wooded down almost to the door. It commands a 
most extensive view toward the south. Will accom- 
modate about 25 guests. Rates on application. B. 
A. Rising, proprietor. 




liSteamboat Landing; 2 Phcenix Hotel; 3 Hillside House; 4 Trout House; 

5 Rising House ; Island Harbor is at the right outside the 

lines of the sketch. 

Island Harbor (west, i mile north of Hague 
landding), B. A. Clifton, proprietor. Capacity 50. 
Rates $1.50 per day ; $8 per week. 

Island Harbor is the name given to the cluster of 
houses on the west shore of the bay, formed by the 
enclosing group known as 
Cook's islands. It is much 
frequented by sportsmen, 
and has a record for big 
fish, approached by few 
places along the lake. The 
location, while retiring, 
shows lovely vistas 
through the islands, and 
affords safe boating among its covered waters even 
in the roughest of weather. This is an attraction 
which the inexperienced in boating matters may 
consider. The drives and foot-paths through the 




Lake George. 



73 




shady woods are other counts in its favor. The 
table is excellent and the proprietor an authority 

on things pertaining 
to the woods and 
waters. A public 
conveyance runs 
to the steam boat 
landing for guests 
during July and Au- 
gust. Early or late 
in the season, notice 

of coming should be sent in advance. 

Waltonian Isle is the outermost and largest of 
the group of nine outside Island Harbor. The 
steamboat runs close to its rugged shores, and, 
rounding away toward the north reveals a splendid 
view of the lake past and to come. 

Ten miles away at the south, the "Elephant" 
stretches his hugh bulk across ; over his head Black 
Mountain stands guard, growing misty along the 
distant narrows. Nearer are the green shores and 
low hills that shut them in. 

Near by, at the north, is Friend's Point extending 
beyond a pleasant tree-bordered meadow, quiet and 
beautiful enough now, but of old, the scene of 
bloody engagements, being then, as now, a favorite 
camping ground. 

On the right is Blair's Bay, setting well back into 
the eastern shore. At its head are cleared fields in 
the town of Putnam — a bit of civilization reaching 
out from the section beyond, and seeming almost 
foreign in its lack of interest to the rest of Lake 
George. 



Lakb Gborgx. 

Anthony's Nose extends west along the nortli 
side of Blair's Bay. It is heavily wooded, except- 
ing in spots where a cliff is presented or where iti 
western point rounds over sharply into the lake. 
From a position well back on the south side of filair's 
Bay can be seen a perfect face in profile, with smooth 
brow, Roman nose, firm lip and bearded chin, look- 
ing out toward the west from the perpendicular wall 
at the second mountain step. It cannot be seen 
from the passing steamer 




rnoM H£fiK wnw/rmr isa 



We pass close to the point of the mountain, so 
near that a stone could be easily tossed against its 
iron-stained sides, and we struggle with incipient 
profanity to note where some vandal quack has 
paraded his nostrums before a long suffering pubic, 
desecrating the face of nature, aye, even out- 
raging its very nose with his vinegary compound, 
and, with the wish father to the thought, we look 
down into the depths to see if, perchance, retribution 
did not overtake him in the act and leave some 
record for our gratification. 

This is said to be the deepest portion of the lake> 
put down as being anywhere from four to five hun 
dred feet in depth, and a stone loosened from its bed 



ROGBRS' SUDB. 

above, is heard in dull, heavy thuds as it leaps from 
crag to crag down through the water to the unseen 
bottom. 

Rogers' Slide is toward the west, a moun- 
tain nearly a thousand feet high, with smoothly 
rounded top and precipitous sides. It is rich In 
minerals, many beautiful specimens of garnet hav- 
ing been found along its summit, and also graphite 
or black lead, which exists in considerable quan- 
tities. Nearly half of its entire height is a smooth 
wall of rock descending at a sharp angle to the 
water's edge. It is said to have received its name 
from the following circumstance : In the winter of 
^ 757-8, Robert Rogers, witli a small party of 
Rangers, was sent to make observations at Ticon- 
deroga and Crown Point, where he fell in with a 
party of the enemy, and the skirmish which ensued 
resulted in the total defeat of the English, Rogers 
escaped, and, pursued by the savages, made for the 
summit of what was then called Bald Mountain, 
probably, with the object of putting in practice the 
ruse which his dare-devil nature had suggested. 
Arrived at the brow of the precipice, he threw his 
"iuggage" down the steep walls, and, reversing 
himself on his snow-shoes, made his way down 
through a ravine, at the southwest, to the lake ; 
thence around to the foot of the slide. The savages, 
following to the edge of the mountain, where the 
track of the snow-shoes seemed lost in the path 
made by a fidling body, expecting, of course, that 
whoever had attempted it could not have reached 
the bottom alive, must have been considerably sur 
prised to see the brave major making off on tke ice 



toward the head of the lake. It b probable that 
they took it for g^nted that he had actually gone 
down the steep wall; this admitted, signs that at 
another time would have lead to the discovery of 
the ruse at once, were overlooked, and they, feeling 
that he must be under the protection of the " Great 
Spirit," with characteristic reverence for their Deity, 
desisted from further pursuit 




Rogers' Rock Mountain may be ascended by a 
good path leading from the hotel north of the slide 
to the top, from which point may be had a view of 
surprising grandeur and extent. On its summit, 

looking like a tiny bird cage from below, is seen a 
summer house built by Boston's celebrated divine, 
the Rev. Joseph Cook, whose birth-place is just 
over the other side in pleasant Trout Brook Valley. 
Mr. Cook spends much of his summerings at the 
old homestead and may often be seen on the moun- 
tain-top, looming grandly against the sunset sky. 

The Rogers' Rock Hotel stands on a bold 
promontory just north of Rogers' Slide, and supplies 
the long f6lt need of a first-class house at this end 
of the lake. Around it cluster some of the most 
interesting reminiscences of the past; near by arc 
deep waters and running brooks; from its com- 
manding position it looks out over the narrowing 
waters of Uie outlet and south to where Black Moun- 



Lake George. 



n 



tain stands guard over the way. A road winds 
through the wood and up the mountain, and 
woodland paths run here and there to retired nooks, 
or to views of vantage, with guide-boards pointing 
the way. The Steamboats all land on regulartrips. 
Small boats in variety give facilities for fishing 
or pleasure excursions. A cottage 150 feet 
above the house, and another at the lake shore, 




give guests a choice in alti- 
tudes afforded by no other ^^ 
hotel at Lake George. The house abounds in 
quaint, old fashioned furniture and brick-a-brac. 
Electric bells are here; an immense fireplace gives 
genial warmth to parlor and connecting office ; soft 
mountain spring water, never failing in the dryest 
times, is on every floor. Post-office named " Rog- 
ers Rock " and telegraph office are in the hotel 
office. Capacity 125. Rates, $3 per day ; $17.50 
to $28 per week. T. J. Treadway, manager. 

Baldwin, 34 miles from Caldwell, ends the 
steamboat ride, where cars are taken lor the 
Champlain Steamers at Fort Ticonderoga landing. 



Prisoner's Isle. 79 

Howe's Landing is the bit of circling beacn 
north of the dock. Here Abercrombie, with his 
army of 15,000 men, and Lord Howe, their life and 
moving spirit, landed on the 6th of July, 1758, and 
advanced toward Ticonderoga. '^ 

The French, who retreated as the English advanced, 
burned their bridges across the outlet, thus compel- 
ling their enemies to follow along the outer circle 
made by the stream as it sweeps around toward the 
east and south where^ it empties into Lake Cham- 
plain. In the valley, north of where we cross the 
outlet, Howe, at the head of his detachment, fell in 
with a jwrtion of the retreating French, and a skir- 
mish ensued. At the first fire the gallant young leader 
fell, and with him the hopes of the army. Aber- 
crombie sounded the recall and did not advance 
again until the evening of the next day ; this delay 
allowing the French to strengthen their defences at 
the old lines, and is probably the main reason for 
the defeat of the English at that place. 

Prisoner's Isle is out in the lake east of Howe's 
Landing. Tradition says the French used it as a 
prison pen. Another version of the account places 
the English in possession, and a party of French — 
taken by Abercrombie in the earlier stages of his 
advance on Ticonderoga, and who escaped during the 
night by wading ashore — their guests, and properly 
enough receives marked attention on account of this 
very interesting story. , It seems characteristic, how- 
ever, of the head that controlled the whole move- 
ment, and suggests the thought that, if this eminently 
sagacious and far-seeing warrior, Abercrombie, trust- 



8o 

ed to the depth of the water to keep a drove ol 

Frenchmen, Hke a drove of sheep, he did not im- 
mediately, on discovering that they actually intended 
to fight, surrender himself and army to them ; but, 
no ! by the most profound strategy he succeeded in 
making a brilliant retreat, and escaped with the rem- 
nant of his army — consisting, then, of only about 
thirteen thousand men — from Montcalm's over- 
whelming force of thirty-five hundred! 

Toward the north, the lake rapidly narrows down 
to a mere creek, hastening to its fall, and the crystal 
water is discolored by the clay of the bottom. 
Formerly the boats ran nearly a mile further to the 
old dock. 

Here at the outlet, once when May flowers were 
blooming in the wood, came the martyr priest who 
gave it the beautiful name of St Sacrament, and 
was the first white man to gaze upon its beauties. 
A century passed, and, in 1757, another Frenchman 
went southward over its waters ; the first came with 
bible and cross preaching peace ; the second with 
fire and sword and a hord of savage beasts to fated 
Fort William Henry. 

The following year came Abercrombie, to be driven 
back while the flower of the British army lay on the 
bloody field of Ticonderoga, and the next year, slow 
but resistless in its march, came the army of Amherst, 
and before it, the French were swept rorthward, their 
hold on " the lake, that is the gate oi the country," 
gone forever. 



Lake George. 8i 

Mount Defiance, a little elevation east of the 
outlet, which can hardly be dignified by the name 
of mountain, commands old Fort Ticonderoga, ly- 
ing over on the other side, and received its name 
when, in 1777, Burgoyne, from its summit, trained 
guns on the old fort. 

The Upper Falls of Ticonderoga may be seen 
on the left as we approach to cross the outlet. It is 
one of the best water privileges in the country, sup- 
plied by a reservoir that never floods or fails. A 
cotton factory, pulp mills, etc., here, give employ- 
ment to a large number of operatives. 

Ticonderoga (village), three miles from Baldwin 
and two from Lake Champlain, contains about 
1,500 inhabitants. Tiie water-power is considerable. 
It is prosperous and of late has made rapid strides 
in improvements and growing wealthy in manufac- 
turing interests. 

The Burleigh House is the b.st hotel and 
would be CO s c ered an excellent house anywhere. 
E. J. Wood, proprietor. Rates, $2.50 per day; 
$10 to $20 per week. It was named after Hon. H. 
G. Burleigh, of national fame, who owns the build- 
ing. It is a handsome building, with modern con- 
veniences, including electric bells, electric lights and 
steam heat. It spreads a superior table. It is near- 
est to Fort Ticonderoga of any house that the 
visitor will ordinarily care to patronize, and it is a 
convenient centre for many interesting drives. 
Next to having back the good old times when 
staging was the regular means of crossing from one 
Lake to the other, is an excursion over the historic 
ground in the tally-ho belonging to the Burleigh 
House, with the accompanying oratorical-historico- 



82 TiCONDEROGA. 

legendry accompaniment, by the driver, which will 
be furnished if due notice be sent in advance to the 
proprietor of the hotel, or to S. C. Bailey, proprietor 
of the stage line. Stages will also meet the Sun- 
day boat at Baldwin to give such as may wish an 
excursion to the ruins of Fort Ticonderoga and 
dinner at Hotel Burleigh. 

Stages will run daily, Sundays excepted, from 
Ticonderoga to Schroon Lake, via Trinity Lakes 
(fare, $2.50). Leaving Ticonderoga at 1:30 p. m, 
arriving at Schroon Lake at 6:30. Returning next 
morning reach Ticonderoga at 11:30 to connect 
with boats on Lake George south and on Lake 
Champlain north. 

The Lower Falls of Ticonderoga, just below the 
village, are picturesque as well as utilitarian where 
they make their last leap to the level of Lake 
Champlain. From this point the stream is navi- 
gable for small steamers down to where it empties 
at last at the base of the historic promontory. 

Fort Ticonderoga (lake station) is at the east 
foot of Mt. Defiance, five' miles from Baldwin. 
Here Lake George trains connect with the Champ- 
lain steamer and with cars from north and south. 
The old fort can be seen at the north, about a mile 
distant from the landing. 

Fort Ticonderoga Hotel stands among the locusts 
and lombardy poplars facing Lake Champlain north- 
east of the ruins. It was built in 1826 by Wm. F. 
Pell for a summer residence and first occupied as a 
hotel in 1840 when the grounds were thrown open 
to the public. S. H. Brand, Proprietor. 

Distance from this point to Montreal is 142 miles, 
to Boston 297 miles, to Saratoga 61 miles, to New 
York 241 miles. 




LAKE CHAMPLAIN. 

HE first white sporting man that ever 
visited the Adirondacks was Samuel 
de Champlain, a Frenchman, who, in 
1609, joined a company of native Ca- 
nadian tourists on a gunning expe- 
dition toward the south, when he fell 
in with a party of Iroquois, and suc- 
ceeded in bagging a number. Sam- 
uel was an enthusiastic sportsman, 
and of a vivacious, happy disposition, as witness his 
felicitous description of the manner in which he, at 
the first shot, brought down three out of four Abo- 
rigines, who broke cover, then pursued and killed 
some others. After this adventure, which hap- 
pened the same year that Hendrick Hudson sailed 
up the river that now bears his name, and 1 1 years 
before the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, he 
wrote an account of the affair, modestly calling the 
sheet of water explored after himself — Lake Cham- 
plain. Just two centuries after his passage in a 
canoe, the first steamboat was launched on the lake. 
When Champlain came, the Indians called the lake 
Cani adere quarante, spelled in various ways, and 
gaid by learned authorities, who copy it from some 
one else, to mean " the lake that is the gate of the 
country." By the early French, who did not 
choose to recognize Champlain's right to the name, 



/'li 



'fe 



.(-*■ 



* 



Lake Champlain. 

it was known as Mere les Iroquois, or " Iracosia." 
A book published in 1659 speaks of it as "the lake 
of Troquois, which, together with a river of the 
same name, running into the river of Canada, is 60 
or 70 leagues in length. In the lake are four fair 
islands, which are low and full of goodly woods and 
meadows, having store of game for hunting. 
Stagges, Fallow Dear, Elks, Roe Bucks, Beavers, 
and other sorts of beasts." In shape it is very like 
a long, slim radish, with Whitehall at the little end. 

On the east is Vermont, sweeping away in a 
broad, cultivated plain, that gradually ascends to 
the ridges of the Green Mountains. Along the 
southern and central part of the lake, the rocky 
western shore? step down to the water's edge and 
backward, rise peak on peak, wild, broken, and 
grand — the Adirondack Mountains. Here and 
there are bits of cultivated land, and breaks in the 
mountain-gateways to the wilderness. Then, as 
you go north, the mountains fall away back into 
the interior, and a level, well-cultivated country pre- 
sents itself. 

Its length, from Whitehall to Fort Montgomery, 
is ioy}{ miles ; its greatest width, which is near the- 
outlet of Au Sable River, is 12^3 miles, anc 
greatest depth (at a point i^ miles southeast ol 
Essex Landing), 399 feet. Measuring down into 
Missisquoi bay, the extreme length of the lake may 
be found at about 118 miles. Its elevation above 
tide is 99 feet. It contains a number of beautiful 
islands, principally near the north end, the two 
largest known respectively as North and South 
Hero, and collectively as Grand Isle, a county of 
Vermont. 



W^HITEHALL. 

The D. & H. R. R., extending along the west 
shore of the lake, in an air line, between New York 
and Montreal, is the main artery of travel between 
the two great cities. At various points, rail or stage 
routes diverge, leading to the central portions of 
the wilderness. 

2. Whitehall- is at the head of Lake Cham- 
plain; 219 miles north of New York, 78 from Al- 
bany. It was originally called Skeenesborough, 
after Col. Philip Skeene, who accompanied Aber- 
crombie in 1758 ; was wounded in his attack on 
Ticonderoga, and, after Amherst's victorious ad- 
vance the following year, was appointed comman- 
dant at Crown Point, at which time he projected 
the settlement. In 1765, he obtained a grant of 
the township, and, in 1770, took up his residence 
here. On the breaking out of the Revolution he 
took sides with the Royalists, accompanied Bur- 
goyne in his expedition against Ticonderoga, and 
was captured with him at Saratoga. His property 
was confiscated by act of Legislature in 1779. 

At Whitehall, the train from the south divides, — 
a part going east, the remainder north, along the 
principal street, through the tunnel, and across the 
marsh-bottomed basin, toward a notch cut out of its 
farther rim. Just before entering the rock-cut al- 
luded to, we see on the east a short double crook, 
in a narrow channel, known as " Fiddler's Elbow," 
where, under water, are the hulks of some of the ves- 
sels engaged in the battle of Plattsburgh in 1 8 14. 
On the high point of rocks just over and slightly to 
the north of the Elbow is Fort Putnam, where Gen- 

* In going south along Lake Champlain, read numbered paragraphs in re- 
verse order, begining at Rouse's Point, page 153. ^ 



Lake Champlain. 



97 



eral Israel Putnam lay in ambush, waiting for the 
French and Indians under the command of Marion. 

Orwell, a delightfully quiet little summer retreat 
with rustic environment is among the hills of Ver- 
mont at the east as we approach Ticonderoga. It 
may be reached from Wright's Station on the 
D. & H. (ferry across the narrow lake) or from 
Addison Junction, via the C. V. R. R. to Orwell 
station, to which a stage (fare 25 cents) runs to 
meet trains. Eagle Inn will accommodate 40. F. 
B. Kimball, proprietor. 

Ticonderoga (landing) is 23 miles north of 
Whitehall, and the junction of the line running 
north and south with branch road from Baldwin. 
See page 82. 

The Steamer Vermont, Captain R. Arbuckle, 
was designed specially for pleasure travel on this 
route. The boat is 271 
feet long, 36 foot beam, 
65 foot beam over all. It 
is provided with 52 state 
rooms for guests and pas- 
sen g ers. It leaves 
Plattsburgh at 7 A. M., 
and touching at inter- 
mediate landings, ar- 
rives at this point about 
noon. Returning, 
leaves on arrival of 
passengers from Lake 
George and the south. 
The dinners served on 
the steamer Vermont 
have been j noted for 




V ESTPORT 



POFTTMENR" 
TFBEOERICI 

CROWN POIR- 
'TT1C0NDERQ6, 



5>CE0AR 6EACU 
VEASENHCS 



CROWN PT RUIMS 



LARRABttS POINT 



STEAMBOAT ROUTE. 

years for their whole- 



Lake Champlain. 

someness, and for the plethora of good things tvith 
which the table is loaded. On the other hand, 
the appetite which a ride over Lake George or Lake 
Champlain gives a body is also a constant source of 
wonderment — and it costs just a dollar here to do 
justice to the one and satisfy the other. 

3. The Ruins of Fort Ticonderoga can be 
seen on the promontory lying about one mile north 
of the steamboat landing. Here were enacted the 
principal events in the play of the lake ; here savage 
and civilized tribes contended for the country on 
either hand ; here two great nations struggled for 
the prize of a continent which neither could retain, 
and precious blood fllowed like water for this, the 
key to the " gate of the country," by its position 
elected to become historic ground. 

Claimed by the Hurons and Algonquins on the 
north, and by the Five Nations on the south, Lake 
Ch?.mplain was permanently occupied by neither. 
It 'Lay between two sections that were continu- 
ally at war with each other — the bloody middle 
ground, over which each party in its turn swept, 
carrying ruin in its path. This had made the 
lovely shores a solitude. Thus Champlain found 
it when, in July, 1609, ^^^ sailed south with the 
Indians from the St. Lawrence to make war upon 
their southern enemies, and " encountered a war 
party of the Iroquois on the 29th of the month, 
about ten o'clock at night, at the point of a cape 
which puts out into the lake on the west side." In 
the morning a battle ensued. Champlain says : 
" Ours commenced, calling me in a loud voice, and, 
making way for me, opened in two, a.\d placed me 
at their head, marching about 20 paces in advance 



Champlain's Battle. 99 

until I was within 30 paces of the enemy. The mo- 
ment they saw me they halted, gazing at me and I 
at them. When I saw them preparing to shoot at 
us, I raised my arquebus, and aiming directly at 
one of the three chiefs, two of them fell to the 
ground by this shot, and one of their companions 
received a wound, of which he died afterward. I 
had put four balls in my arquebus. Ours, in wit- 
nessing a shot so favorable to them, set up such tre- 
mendous shouts that thunder could not have been 
heard; and yet there was no lack of arrows on one 
side and the other. The Iroquois were greatly as- 
tonished, seeing two men killed so instantaneously* 
notwithstanding they were provided with arrow- 
proof armor, woven of cotton thread and wood. 
They lost courage, took to flight, and 
abandoned the field and their fort, hiding them- 
selves in the depths of the forests ; whither pur- 
suing them I killed some others. . . . The 
place where the battle was fought is 43 degrees some 
minutes north latitude, and I named it Lake Cham- 
plain.'' The French claimed the country by virtue 
of Champlain's discovery, and in 1731, while at 
peace with Great Britain, they advanced to Crown 
Point and erected Fort St. Frederick. 

The English claimed this territory by right of 
purchase and treaty with the Five Nations. Gen- 
eral Johnson was sent, in 1755- to drive the French 
from Crown Point, but halted at Lake George, 
when Baron Dieskau made his famous dash around 
French Mountain, defeated Colonel Williams, and 



Lake Champlain. 



attacked the main army, to be defeated in turn. 
He then retreated to Ticonderoga, and began the 
erection of a fort, which he called " Carillon.'" 

In 1757, somewhat enlarged, it was occupied by 
Montcalm, who marched thence to the capture of 
Fort William Henry. In 1758 Abercrombie made 
his unsuccessful attack on the old French lines, 
which resulted in his total defeat, with a loss of 
nearly 2,000 killed and wounded. The following 
year Amherst entrenched before them, and the 
French, satisfied that they could not successfully 
resist him, abandoned and set fire to the works, and 
the English took possession in the morning. The 
English advanced on Fort St. Frederick, the French 
retreated into Canada. 

Amherst repaired and enlarged the Avorks at Ti- 
conderoga and Crown 
Point on a scale of 
great magnifi- 
cence, but 



never after 
was a shot 
from the 
frowning 



embrasures 

directed 

against an 

approaching 

foe. Peace be 

tween the nations 

soon followed and the 

forts were allowed to fall into a state of ni repair 

and were poorly garrisoned when the revolution 

broke out. Ticonderoga had but 50 men, all told. 




Fort Ticonderoga. 

when in the gray of the mcyrning of the loth of May, 
1775, Ethan Allen and 83 of his "Green Mountain 
boys " stole in through the wicket gate and de- 
manded its surrender " in the name of the Great 
Jehovah and the Continental Congress." 

In 1777 the brilliant general Burgoyne with 7,500 
men came from the north and laid siege to Ticon- 
deroga. St. Clair, who was then in command, had 
barely sufficient troops to man the principal works, 
and when the English took possession of Mt. Defi- 
ance, from which they could drop shot right over 
into their midst, he abandoned the fort, stealing 
away on the night of July 4th. 

After the capture of Burgoyne at Saratoga, the 
British retired into Canada, but in 1780 the old fort 
was again occupied by the troops under General 
Haldiman. Then came another enemy, silent, but 
resistless as the march of time — frosts to rack and 
tempests to beat upon the old walls, until they tot- 
ter and fall away, disappearing one by one, and 
bringing the time when naught shall remain but the 
name it bears, and that uncertain. 

Ticonderoga is the generally accepted compos- 
ite of a dozen or more Indian terms applied to the 
place, all with something of the same sound, as 
Tietideroga, Cheonderoga, etc., the words used by 
the natives meaning the covmig together or meetmg 
of waters'^ instead of the commonly given version 
of " sounding waters." Carillon, the name given it 
by the Frenc-k, meaning " music racket, a chime," 
may have been suggested by the sounding waters 
of the falls at the outlet of Lake George, two miles 
distant. 

* Golden, 1765. Pownell, 1774. 



102 Lake Champlain. 

The old battery on the bluff, above the fort 
steamboat landing, is said to have been the original 
Carillon. Back on the higher ground are the bar- 
rack walls, trenches and bastions. On the west, 
beyond the outlet of Lake George, is Mount Defi- 
ance. Opposite the fort at the southeast, the lake 
is narrowed down by the near approach of Mount 
Independence, which was also fortified while St. 
Clair held command. Between the two points ran 
the chain, or floating bridge. 

The lake here turns toward the north, thus wash- 
ing three sides of the promontory. Among the 
oaks, just west of the tunnel, is the old French 
lines, reaching over the ridge and nearly across the 
peninsula. The trenches, embankments and two or 
three redoubts are clearly defined. Across the lo- 
cust-covered flat, just north of the ruins, from a 
point near the drawbridge, lay Ethan Allen's route 
in 1775. 

4. Crown Point is 1 1 miles north of Ticonder. 
oga. On the lake-shore, are the 

hammpn ^''il^^^lliol furnaces of the Crown Point Iron 
Company,and the eastern terminus 
of a narrow-gauge railway, which 
extends back 13 miles to iron mines 

at Hammondville, 1,300 feet above the lake. 

5. Fort Frederick is the landing at Crown 
Point Ruins, about 6 miles north of Crown Point 
village. The steamboat lands here on regular trips. 
The grounds have been fitted up by the Champlain 
Transportation Company for the accommodation of 
picnic parties that are brought here by their steam- 
boats, with a dancing pavilion, refreshment rooms. 




PARfl 



Lake Champlain. 103 

platforms and open spaces for games, swings, and 
other innocent accessories to sport. The lake is here 
narrowed down by the land on which the ruins 
stand, on the west side, the point marked by a stone 
light-house, and by Chimney Point, approaching 




APPROACHING CROWN POINT RUINS FROM THE SOUTH. 

I Crown Point Light House ; 2 Port Henry ; 3 Chimney Point. 

from the east. At the narrowest point in the pass- 
age, are the scarcely visible ruins of Fort St. Fred- 
erick, built by the French in 1731. This point be- 
came a noted trading post at that time, the savages 
coming to exchange peltry for civilized fire-water 
and other necessaries. Under the protecting guns 
of the old fort it developed into a village of 1,500 
inhabitants. Remains of cellars and flagged walks, 
extending back toward the west, still show signs of 
Its old-time prosperity. 

Crown Point Ruins are over at the west. The 
walls of stone barracks are still in a good state of 
preservation, and the extensive earthworks indicate 
the map^nitude of the fortifications. They were 
commenced by Amherst in 1759, and completed at 
an expense of ten million dollars, but never was a 
shot fired from them at an approaching enemy. 
When Ethan Allen captured Fort Ticonderoga, 
Crown Point was garrisoned only by a sergeant and 
12 men, and was taken possession of by a part of 



I04 



Lake Champlain. 



Allen's men under Seth Warner. In 1777 it was 
occupied by Burgoyne in his triumphant march 
south — triumphant until he reached Saratoga. 

BULWAGA Bay is at the west, over beyond the 
peninsula on which the ruins stand. Dr. Geo. F. 
Bixby, of Plattsburgh, whose researches have con- 
firmed, or proved the falsity of, many popular 
beliefs concerning the early history of the Champlain 
Valley, believes the shores of the peninsular just 
west of Crown Point Ruins to be the place where 
Champlain encountered the Iroquois to their confu- 
sion ; and the cape referred to by him ^' which puts 
out into the lake on the west side." 



I 2 3 

■ ■ ■■■■- . ■ r-. . . ,. . , , 1 1, ^ 

' : I 



CROWN POINT FROM THE NORTH. 

1 Crown Point Light House ; 2 Ruins of Old Fort St. Frederick ; 3 Ruins of 
Crown Point Barracks. 

6. Port Henry, two miles north-west of Crown 
Point ruins, is exceedingly picturesque. It ex- 
tends from the lake shore well up on the side of the 
mountain that rises boldly beyond, and has a num- 
ber of elegant private residences, occupied by the 
iron magnates of that section, with churches, public 
schools, a pretty opera house, etc. The Lee House 
furnishes very good 
accommodations. 

The Lake Cham- 
plain and Mori AH 
R. R. is seven miles 
long, extending from Port Henry to the ore beds at 
Mineville. 1,300 feet above. The grade is neces- 




Lake Champlain. 104-B 

sarily heavy. At one point it is 256^ feet to the 
mile. The average is 2 1 1 feet. The grade contains 
three " Y's,'' where the nature of the ascent renders 
a curve impracticable. 

7. The Chever Ore Bed is two miles north of 
Port Henry, near the lake shore. 

8. The Y. M. C. A. of Albany, has a summer 
camp on No-Mans Island, west shore, a mile south 
of Barber Point light house. Rules, obedience to 
leader, attendance at Bible study, quiet at 10 P. M. 

9. Westport is a pretty little village, on a deep 
bay setting into f 
the western 
shore,fiftymiles 
north of White- 
hall. It is the 
natural g a t e- 
way into the mountains via Elizabethtown and 
Keene Valley and possesses attractions of its own 
that recommend it strongly to the summer visitor. 

The Westport Inn stands on the brow of an 
abrupt eminence a hundred feet above the lake 
overlooking the tennis lawn, shaded by fine elms, 
the picturesque steamboat landing, the great sweep- 
ing amphitheatre of hillside leading away to right 
and left, the circling shore of the bay and the 
beautiful chain of the Green Mountains across in 
Vermont. The house has broad piazzas and is neat 
and well furnished from basement to belvedere. It 
has cosy parlors and dining-room, with large open 
fire-places. The table is superior and the service 
most efficient. There are bath rooms and perfect 
drainage. Water comes from a wonderful moun- 
tain spring 500 feet above the lake. A number of 




Lake Champlain. 



105 



detached cottages add to the attractions, furnishing 
altogether accommodations for 150 guests. A livery 
stable under the patronage of the house, in combina- 
tion with picturesque drives, offer amusement in 
variety. If this is not enough, good boating and 
fishing facilities and bathing places with fine bot- 
tom, and convenient bath houses, are here. A 
circulating library, Post Office and telegraph office 
are near by. Mrs. O. C. Daniell, assisted by Mrs. 
H. C. Lyon, is in management. Rates $3.00 to 
$4.00 per day. By the week from $10.00 to $2I.00' 
Open May 15. 

The Richard House in the northern part of 
the village, is open the year round; M.A.Clark, 

proprietor. Ca- 
pacity 75. Rates 
$2.00 per day> 
$8.00 to $12.00 
per week. Mr. 
Clark is genial 
and obliging. 
Free 'bus to boat and railroad. The " Westport," 
Geo. Howe, Jr., proprietor, a small hotel at the 
depot, must not be confounded with the " Westport 
Inn.'' 

The '* Water Lily," a small steamboat, runs 
from Westport to Vergennes daily, on arrival of the 
steamer Vermont from the south, returning in the 
morning to connect with the south bound boat. 
The Water Lily is notable among steamboats as 
having a lady at the wheel, in the person of Mrs. 
Captain Daniels, who is said to be the first and only 
regularly licensed lady pilot in the United States. 
Fare $1.00. Round trip $1.50. 




io6 Lake Champlain. 

Steamer Chateaugay, Capt. Baldwin, leaves 
this point at 7.00 A. M. daily, Sundays excepted, 
and touching at Cedar Beach, Burlington, Platts- 
burgh and intermediate points, arrives at North 
Hero at 12:15. Returnfng over the same course 
reaches Westport at 7:00 P. M. This boat belongs 
to the C. T. Co., and was launched at Shelburne 
Harbor, November i, 1887. It is 203 feet long, and 
59 feet wide over all. Water line, 195 feet ; beam, 
30 feet. The hull is of rolled steel plates, made 
from Chateaugay ore, with a wrought iron frame, 
braced in the most substantial manner, and pro- 
vided with water-tight compartments. The engine 
is a vertical-beam, jet condensing engine, 44-inch 
cylinder, 10 ft. stroke. The paddle-wheels are of the 
new " feathering " pattern, 23 feet in diameter. The 
joiner work is of cherry and black walnut, finished 
to show the natural wood. A wide-windowed din- 
ing-cabin is located aft on the main deck. The boat 
draws four and a half feet of water, ^nd will make 
20 miles an hour. 

10. Calamity Point is on the west, about two 
miles north of westport. Here the luckless steamer 
Champlain was wrecked in 1875 while running north 
on her regular night trip. The immediate cause of 
the disaster has never been explained, as the night 
was no more than ordinarily dark, but since that 
time, day or night when running, the pilot houses of 
the sister boats invariably contain two competent 
men. Capt. Rushlow, now general manager, was 
in command of the Champlain, and it was due to 
his self-possession that no panic ensued to lead to 



Lake Champlatn. 107 

loss of lite. Her engine now does efficient service 
in tlie graceful " Horicon " on Lake George. 

11. Split Rock Mountain extends along the 
west shore terminating in a sharp point 8 miles 
north of Westport. The sides toward the lake, 
close under which the steamer runs at times, are 
precipitous, and at points wild and grand. Barn 
Rock (a corruption probably of Barren Rock) shows 
the upturned edges of strata lying at a sharp angle 
with the surface in a bold point enclosing a deep 
harbor. "The Palisades," a little way north, are 
grand perpendicular cliffs. Rock Harbor, a mile 
further north, shows an " effort," where Gotham's 
cx-Boss, Tweed, tried his hand at digging ore. Open- 
ings are to be seen in the mountain side, with piles 
of ore below, and the buildings high up in the notch 
beyond. Grog Harbor — a charming little cove de- 
spite its name — is near the northern end of the 
mountain. 




SPLIT ROCK FROM THE NORTH. 

I Grand View Mt., Vt.; 2 Split Rock Light ; 3 Split Rock ; 4 Whalon's Bay. 

Split Rock is at the northern termination of the 
mountain bearing the same name. It is a rough 
fragment, perhaps a half acre in area, separated from 
the main land by a narrow passage. In the uncer- 
tain records of old Indian treaties, it is claimed that 
this rock marked the line between the tribes of the 
St. Lawrence and those of the Mohawk Valley. I,^ 



io8 Lake Champlain. 

also divides the honor of being the ancient " Rock 
Regio " with Rock Dunder, lying just south of Bur- 
lington. It was the unremovable monument set up 
by the treaty of Utrecht in 1710 to indicate the line 
between English and French possessions, and later 
accepted as the northern boundary of New York, 
but in the rearrangement of the geographies in the 
school of 1775 and 1776, the line drifted some sixty 
miles further north. 

12. Otter Creek enters the lake from the east? 
something over five miles north of Westport. This 
is the longest river, or creek, in Vermont, and is 
navigable to Vergennes, whose spires may be seen 
some distance inland. 

Fort Cassin was built at the mouth of Otter 
Creek, and some of the works are still visible. Within 
the creek a portion of the American squadron was 
fitted out in 18 14, which, under Commodore Mc- 
Donough, defeated the British Commodore Downie 
at.Plattsburgh in September of that year. 

Vergennes, is eight miles back from the lake, 
following the course of the river, although in an air- 
line but little more than half of that distance. Ver- 
gennes is one of the oldest cities in New England, 
dating its organization back to 1789, and is cele- 
brated as the smallest incorporated city in the coun- 
try. It has a population of about 2,000 inhabitants, 
with all the honors and added dignity of a mayor 
and board of aldermen. 

The Stevens House, owned and under the 
management of Mr. S. S. Gaines, has accommoda- 
tions for about lOO guests. Telegraph, telephone 
and express offices are in the house. 



Lake Champlain. 109 

13. Cedar Beach, on the Vermont shore, nearly 
opposite Split Rock, is a village of cottage-camps 
owned principally by residents of Burlington. 

14. Essex, a small village on the west shore, is 
10 miles north of Westport. 

• 15. The Bouquet River empties into the lake 
four miles north of Essex landing. It is navigable 
for about a mile. It was a rendezvous of Burgoyne's 
flotilla in his advance on Ticonderoga in 1777, and in 
1812 was entered by British gunboats to work the 
destruction of the little village of Willsborough 
lying a mile inland. 

16. Willsborough Point is a low peninsula 
about four miles long by one wide, separating Wills- 
borough bay from the main lake. " The Wills- 
borough " which stood here was burnt last season. 
The American Canoe Association, which held their 
annual meets here in iSgiand 1892 gather this year 
at Sing Sing. 

17. The Four Brothers are near the middle 
of the lake, east of Willsborough Point. Here oc- 
curred the running engagement between Benedict 
Arnold and Capt. Pringle, in 1776, in which the 
English were victorious. 

18. Juniper Island is northeast of the Broth, 
ers, with high, almost vertical walls, and surmounted 
by a light-house. 

After leaving Essex Landing the boat passes out 
into the broadening lake gradually nearing the Ver- 
mont side in the approach to Burlington. Back 
inland are the two highest peaks of the Green 



Lake Champlain. 

Mountains — Mansfield, 4,350 feet above tide, artd 
Camel's Hump, the Leon Couchant oi the French. 

19. Rock Dunder is a prominent object, as we 
near Burlington. It is a sharp cone about 20 feet 
high, believed by Winslow C. Watson, the historian, 
to be the famous " Rock Regio, " so frequently- 
mentioned in colonial records, notwithstanding the 
counter-claims of Split Rock. The steamer usually 
passes close by on its east side. Pottier's Point 
terminates a long stretch of regular shore on the 
right. 

20. Shelburne Harbor is east of Pottier's 
Point. Here are the ship-yards of the Champlain 
Transportation Company, and here have been built 
all the large boats of Lake Champlain. It is worthy 
of note that but one year after Robert Fulton's 
first steamboat was launched on the Hudson River 
a steamboat was built and launched at Burlington. 
And it could run 5 miles an hour without heating 
the shaft, too. 

La Plotte river empties into Shelburne Harbor. 
It is said its name was bestowed because of an in- 
cident of the Revolution. It appears that a party 
of Indians had left their canoes unguarded on the 
banks while making a raid on the scattered settle- 
ment beyond. They were finally driven back by 
the whites and took to their canoes for safety, but 
the canoes had been discovered by some prying 
settlers and riddled with holes which let the water 
in, and the settlers now proceeded to riddle the 
savages also. The Green Mountain Boys were very 
artistic about these little affairs. 



JLAKE ChAMPLAIN. 

21. Burlington is a beautiful city of nearly 
15,000 inhabitants, 80 miles north of Whitehall. It 
is one of the largest lumber marts in the country, 
standing fourth in the order of business. The firms 
representing a capital of $4,000,000,00. 150,000,000 
feet of lumber are sold annually from the markets. 

Three railroads centre here — the Central Ver- 
mont, the Burlington & Lamoille, and the Rutland 
& Burlington railroad. 

The Champlain Transportation Company has its 
general offices here, its steamers running to connect 
with the D. & H. trains on the west shore, and to 
Adirondack points. 

The University of Vermont is located here — 
crowning the hill, on the weste-rn slope of which, the 
principal part of the city lies. Among other public 
buildings of interest are the Medical College, Bill- 
ings Library building, Vermont Episcopal Institute, 
St. Joseph's College, Park Gallery of Art, Fletcher 
Free Library, the Mary Fletcher Hospital, and the 
Young Men's Christian Association building. Joined 
to the last is the book store of S. Huntington & Co., 
which is one of the most complete in appointments 
of any store devoted to this business, outside the 
great cities of the country. 

On the high land, back of the city, overlooking 
Winooski Valley, is the Green Mountain Cemetery, 
where lies the body of Vermont's famous son, 
Ethan Allen. A monument of Barre granite, 50 
feet in height, surmounted by a statue of Allen, 
marks the spot, and is a shrine often visited by ad- 
mirers of the Hero of Ticonderoga. 



112 



Lake Champlain. 



The principal hotels are the VAN Ness and Am- 
erican Houses, U. A. Woodbury, propietor, H. 
N. Clark, manager, and the Hotel Burlington, De 
laney & Harrington, proprietors. 

22. Colchester Point reaches out half way 
across the Lake north of Burlington. Further west 
are Colchester reef and light-house, a blood-red 
light marking the outermost rock at night. Schuy- 
ler Island is a large cultivated island near the west 
shore. 

23. Hotel Douglas is in the deepest curve of 
Corlear Bay, west of Schuyler Island, at the south 
of Trembleau Mountain. Capacity 6o. Rates $2.00 
per day ; |8.oo to $12.00 per week. Open June 15 
to October i. John L. Mock, proprietor. Post 
oflice address, Port Douglass. The section is wild 
and picturesque. Enthusastic admirers call Port 
Douglass the Naples of Lake Champlain. Certain 
trains on the D. & H. will stop during the season 
for which see time-tables. See also local time-table 
for landing of steamer. Free carriage to landing on 
notification. Telephone ofBce in the house. 

24. Port Kent is 10 miles from Burlington. 
Below, the town is not attractive ; above, along 

the brow of the 
hills are several 
very c o m f ort- 
able looking 
houses, among 
them the old 
home of Elkan- 
ah Watson, the historian, Trembleau Hall, 




Lake Champlain. 113 

a boarding house, will accommodate about 20 
guests. Farrel & Adgate, proprietors. Rates un- 
known. 

The Keeseville, Au Sable Chasm & Lake 
Champlain Railroad runs from Port Kent to 
Keeseville, passing over the chasm a short distance 
below Rainbow Falls. The road is five miles long 
and was built primarily in the interests of the Au 
Sable Horse Nail Works at Keeseville, for the trans- 
portation of the material used in their business. It 
will be extended up the Au Sable River to Au Sable 
Forks, through Jay to Keene Valley, thence via 
Johns Brook Passover to Lake Placid. The survey 
has been made and it is expected the road will be 
in operation in 189? 

The Lake View House from its commanding 
position overlooks the long slope down to the shores 
of Lake Champlain toward the east, and at the west, 
the valley through which comes the Au Sable River, 
the little hamlet of Au Sable Chasm, and the head 
of the Gorge into which the river plunges in spray- 
draped Rainbow Falls. The accommodations in 
house and cottages are sufficient for a hundred guests 
but the dining capacity is practically unlimited,. 
Rates $2.50 per day, with special terms for the week 
or season. Open June i to October 15. Stop-over 
privileges are given passengers by rail and boat at 
Port Kent. The hotel carriage conveys guests to 
and from the Chasm station for 25 cents the round 
trip. W. H. Tracy, proprietor. 

The hotel and Chasm are under one manage- 
ment, and Mr. Tracy may be addressed for particu- 
lars relating to either. The admission to the Chasm 




THE GRAND FLUME. 



Lake Champlain. 117 

is 75 cents; the boat ride 50 cents additional, in- 
cluding carriage back to the hotel. Large parties 
are admitted at reduced rates. Permanent guests 
of the Lake View have free access. Guides are un- 
necessary, as once in the Chasm, the course is plain, 
guide boards and signs pointing the way and calling 
attention to notable places until Table Rock is 
reached where boats are entered for the remainder 
of the trip. The boats are in charge of experienced 
men, and although exciting, the ride is attended 
with no danger, so the most timid need not hesitate 
in going. 

Au Sable Chasm is the Yosemite in miniature! 
Here the impetuous Au Sable, coming out from the 
mountains of the south, breaks, after many a rush 
and tumble, over the rocks into Au Sable Chasm, 
in beautiful Rainbow Falls, then hurrying down- 
ward through devious ways, creeping under tower- 
ing cliffs and resting in dark places where the sun 
never shines, finally emerges from the Chasm's 
gloom into the broader willowy way, and after many 
a twist and turn mingles with the quiet waters of 
Lake Champlain. 

Its walls that now stand apart, were united and 
solid in the past. Projections on the one side are 
faced by corresponding depressions on the other ; 
strata broken off here, are continued over there. 
Low down are found petrified specimens of the first 
orders of animal life, and ripple marks made when 
the rock in its plastic state was the bed of some 
lake or ocean ; above these, in successive layers, 
towers nearly a hundred feet of solid rock. 

Who can say what ages have passed away since 



ii8 Lake Champlain. 

the restless sea beat upon this unknown shore and 
left the marks of its wavelets for us to wonder at? 
Thought is lost away back in the eternity of '' The 
Beginning " when darkness was upon the face of the 
deep. Later, with the dawn of Creation, and in its 
full light the lowest of animal creatures lived their 
brief day and added their mite to old Ocean's bot- 
tom. Long ages passed away while floods swept 
across the uneasy world that reeled and staggered 
with the pulsations of its heart of fire. The Earth's 
thin shell bubbled up into mountain ridges and 
broke like crackle glass, then, cooling left its marks 
in ragged heights and fearful depths. Then came 
great glaciers, grinding uplifted points, polishing, 
leveling and filling up. Then the ice retreated to 
its northern home ; the rains descended and the 
floods came out of the mountains filled with great 
rocks and sharp flint and grinding quartz, to gnaw its 
way deeper and deeper into the soft rock, until in the 
fullness of our day is revealed the wonderland of 
'* The Walled Banks of the Au Sable." 

Admission to the Chasm is gained through " The 
Lodge," a picturesque building, octagonal in form, 
pagoda-like, unique and attractive. Within, will be 
found photographs, books and curios pertaining to 
the place. Before descending, note the queer effect 
the stained glassln the lodge windows gives to ob- 
jects seen through them, where the blue makes 
frosty winter, and the red the most insufferable of 
summers of the same objects. 

Rainbow Falls, at the head of the Chasm, flings 
its mass of water from nearly 70 feet above into the 
gulf below. Horse Shoe Falls is nearly opposite 



Lake Champlain. 121 

the entrance. Note its suggestive shape from the 
lookout, before descending the stairs. 

Pulpit Rock faces us as we approach the Elbow, 
which is the first turn below the entrance. Split 
Rock shows on the left at the farthest point visible as 
you turn around the Elbow. The rock which stands 
at the left of the opening made by the splitting off 
of a large fallen mass is called the Elephant's Head 
and with the morning sun lighting up the massive 
front, the name does not seem inappropriate. 

Stop when you reach the end of the bridge that 
crosses here. The Devil's Oven is in the wall which 
shuts off our farther advance on the right of the 
stream. Why '* Oven" is not so clear, for if you 
climb the rough rocks and enter its 30 feet of depth, 
you will not find it the superheated place sug' 
gested, but rather the reverse. The same tropical 
imagination that conceived of this and some of the 
other names applied to places here, gave to the nar- 
row passage-way at our feet the name of Hell Gate, 
and looking, one does not really wonder at the 
fancy. From Hell Gate, rising in a great sweep 
heavenward, away from the rushing waters, is 
Jacob's Ladder. 

Across the bridge we go, around the rocky abut- 
ment toward the left, clinging perhaps to the iron 
railing which prevents our sliding into the water be- 
low, beneath overhanging rocks, over the seething 
water, across the bridge which spans the Devil's 
Punch-Bowl — pausing, perhaps, to glance into the 
green depths of the Fernery at our left — down 
across the worn rocks, then zig-zag up the side to a 
higher level. Here is one of the most remarkable, 
specimens of rock boring in the country, called 




THE SENTINEL. 



Lake Champlain. 123 

Jacob's vVell, showing where some vagrant stone, 
caught, perhaps, in an eddy when the stream ran 
here, and whirled away continually, ground its way 
down through the strata of soft rock, until it wore 
itself out in vain beatings against its prison walls. 
Here a bridge crosses Mystic Gorge, to the Long 
Gallery beyond which, descending, we come to 
Point of Rocks. Note high up the sides of those 
rocks the segments of a large bowl similarto Jacob's 
Well, and backward the rapids which, seen from 
this point, in the sunshine at noon, are very beauti- 
ful. Opposite this point is Hyde's Cave, named 
after a venturesome individual, who, in 1871, let 
himself down by a rope from the rocks above and 
was the first to reach its dual entrance. Below 
the bridge, which leads to Hyde's Cave, on the 
same side of the stream, is Bixby's Grotto. 

Returning to the north shore, Smuggler's Pass> 
directly opposite the Grotto, is crossed by a bridge. 
You may follow along the ledge if you like and lose 
yourself from sight where, back from the river, this 
passage winds into quite a large chamber. More 
stairways are found as we proceed, then comes the 
Post Office. This post office has neither post mas- 
ter nor distinguishing name in the postal depart- 
ment, but nevertheless does a large business, pecu- 
liarly its own, as the observant visitor will notice. 
No charge is made here for drop-letter or cards, and 
many avail themselves of the privilege. 

Clinging close to the rocks protected by the iron 
railing we pass along high up at this point, then 
through the Hanginor Garden, and, descending, cross 
to Table Rock. 



124 Lake v^hamplain. 

From the upper point of Table Rock look back- 
ward through the Upper Flume. See Column Rocks 
at the farthest visible point on the left, and, if the 
sun be right, notice the Altar-cloth hanging over the 
water at the right. Turning, the Anvil is before 
you ; partially hidden, perhaps, by the rustic canopy 
which has been built against it to afford shade for 
such as may care to take advantage of it when, for 
two or three brief hours in the middle of the day, 
the sun pours its beams down into this open space. 
Back of the Anvil, Cathedral Rocks rise a hundred 
feet above the level floor, suggesting in their broken 
lines, some vast cathedral's ruined towers and aisles. 
*'The Sentinel" stands guard at the outer corner of 
Cathedral Rocks. 

Through a cleft in the lower edge of Table Rock 
we descend and enter the large batteaux found 
waiting here for the passage through the Grand 
Flume and beyond. Do not fear, for these boats 
are strong and serviceable, to withstand the hard 
knocks they get at times, and in charge of stalwart 
boatmen who will guide us safely through the excit- 
ing passage below. The Grand Flume reaches from 
Table Rock for some distance down. Here the 
water runs straight away, shut in by walls that rise 
perpendicularly up for more than a hundred feet, 
while the dip of the rock-strata on either side gives 
one the queer sensation of running down quite a 
steep hill. 

Here, at the narrowest place, the cliffs are scarcely 
ten feet apart, and the sky above seems but a narrow 
ribbon of blue. The water seems to round up in the 
middle and actually to run on edge. No plummet 
has ever been found to sound its depths. Over this 



Lakk Ciiamplain. I25 

spot the main road crossed years ago, and the place 
is spoken of now by the older inhabitants as " High 
Bridge." A story is told to the effect that when 
after a time the bridge was condemned and the 
plank taken off leaving only the naked log stringers 
stretched across, a horseman went across one dark 
and stormy night, unconscious of his danger at the 
time, although remembering afterward that as he 
approached in the intense darkness, his horse had 
hesitated, and when urged moved forward in fear 
and trembling. 

The Lower Gate-Way ends the Long Flume and 
ushers us into the Pool. The Sentry Box is at the 
right as we emerge into the open space. On the left 
there is a larger creavasse in which, leaning, stands 
the Broken Needle. At the Pool, the river turns 
sharply to the left and leads downward over dancing 
rapids where we go until, rounding to the right, we 
enter quiet water once more, and finally pass out 
into the basin where, at the landing, carriages are 
taken to convey us back to the hotel. 

It is well to have passed through Au Sable Chasm 
once in a life time. Such scenes make man realize 
the puny creature that he is, for — in the somewhat 
stalwart language of Will Carleton : 

" To appreciate Heaven well 

It is good for a man to have some fifteen minutes of Hell." 

25. — Three miles north of the landing at Port 
Kent, is the sandy mouth of the Ausable River 
which is supposed to have suggested its name, Au- 
sable meaning " a river of sand." A wooded de- 
pression in the ground above shows the course of 
the river. Across from this is the widest uninter- 
rupted portion of the lake, being here a little more 



126 jLAKe Champlain. 

than ten miles in width. Measuring down into 
Mallett's bay brings the distance to about 13 miles. 

26. Valcour Island is about six miles north 
of Port Kent, the steamer passing between it and 
the main land on the west. Here, Oct. 11,1776, 
occurred the first naval engagement of the Revolu- 
tion, between the British, commanded by Captain 
Thomas Pringle, and the Americans under Benedict 
Arnold. The British plan was to send a fleet from 
the north to capture Ticonderoga and clear the way 
for a junction with the army of the south, that 
should come by way of the Hudson. Early in the 
spring they began the construction of ships at St. 
Johns, and the last of September the fleet — consist 
ing of a three-masted vessel carrying eighteen guns, 
and two schooners with thirteen guns each, with 
smaller vessels, twenty-nine vessels in all, mounting 
eighty-nine guns, manned by picked seamen and 
practiced gunners — moved south to the attack. 
When it became known that preparations of this 
nature were in progress at St. Johns, Arnold was 
commissioned to construct vessels to oppose them. 
Massing all possible help and material at Skenes> 
borough (now Whitehall), he set about the work with 
tremendous energy, and in August put afloat a num- 
ber of flat-bottomed sailing craft and row galleys, 
carrying altogether 84 guns and 152 swivel-guns. 
The largest of these vessels was the " Royal Savage," 
a two-masted schooner carrying fourteen guns. 
With this force Arnold sailed north, going as far as 
Windmill Point, then returning, took up a position 
in the narrow channel between Valcour Island and 
the main land. r 

The British fleet, running before the strong: north 



Lake Champlain. 127 

wind, passed on the outside of the island and some 
distance beyond, before discovering the position of 
the Americans. So severe was the wind that the 
larger vessels could not be brought back to attack 
and only some of the smaller ones with the schooner, 
Carleton, finally succeeded in getting into position. 
The engagement continued most of the afternoon 
during which the "Royal Savage" was disabled, 
and drifting on the rocks was abandoned. Puring 
the night it was set on fire by the British and sunk. 
Portions of the hull can yet be seen when the water 
is still, resting on the bottom where it then went 
down. The attacking vessels were recalled and an- 
chored in line at the south, to cut off the retreat of 
the Americans. During the night, however, the 
Americans slipped through the British line and in 
the morning were discovered making industrious 
tracks toward the south and safety. The British 
pursuing, overhauled Arnold near the Four Brothers 
and a running fight ensued which demonstrated the 
superiority of the British vessels and gunners. ~ The 
remnant of the American boats, almost disabled, 
was grounded in a bay on the Vermont shore near 
Panton and set on fire, and Arnold and his men 
made their way through the woods to Crown Point. 
In these engagements, although defeated, Arnold 
acquitted himself In such a manner as to win the 
admiration of his enemies and the approval of his 
superior officers. Benedict Arnold was born in 
Norwich, Conn., Jan. 3d, 1741, and died in London, 
June 14, 1801. As a youth, turbulent ; as a soldier, 
ambitious, bold to rashness and jealous of his fel- 
low officers ; dishonest ; the transition from discon- 
tented rebel to infamous traitor was easy. He was 



128 Lake Champlain. 

a brilliant commander— his fall was like that ot 
Lucifer. 

Valcour Island was the spot selected for " a com. 
munal home, based on the principles of social sci- 
ence,'* where the *' Dawn Valcour Community " 
dawned on the astonished world of 1874, grew into 
a mighty power (on paper), with *' Col." John WiL 
cox to furnish the intellectual, and " Uncle " Owen 
Shipman the temporal home ; where congenial spirits, 
were invited to commingle in promiscuity, but all 
too soon were on the ragged edge of individuality, 
while the musical auctioneer warbled over the odds 
and ends that remained to satisfy outside demands. 
In the words of one of its leading members, the 
thing " busted ;" and the " Dawn " was merged into 
twilight, to furnish another lesson on the practica, 
bility of free love. 

27. Hotel Champlain, the superb, is seen on 
the bold headland that puts out from the west 
shore just north of Valcour Island. It does not 
come upon you suddenly, as a revelation. You have 
seen it over the lake for miles back on your course, 
before the steamer had touched at Burlington, per- 
haps, or from the car window as the reeling train 
swung around Trembleau Mountain nearly ten miles 
away, and at intervals ever since as the road wound 
in and out along the shore. Now, as you approach, 
its magnificent proportions come out in grand re- 
lief against the sky. 

" Commanding " is not misapplied here. The 
hotel stands on a height that breaks away abruptly 
in all directions for a space, then in gentler slope 
reaches the level of the lower shores north and 
south, the water on the east, and the valley toward 



I.AKE CHAMPLAIN. 1 29 

the west where the trains on the D. & H. flash like 
gleaming shuttles through the vari-tinted web of cul- 
tivated fields and cross-line country roads. Long 
colonades ; broad piazzas conforming to the sweUing 
contour of facing, east, south and west ; breezy 
porticos, and balconies, hung along its sides or 
perched high up on tower and sharply sloping roof, 
give grace and lightrtess to the structure that rises 
above the tops of the trees crowning the rugged 
bluff. Distance gives to it the lightness of a castle 
built of straws, the closer view reveals it solid and 
substantial as the most realistic could wish. 

At a moderate elevation it commands in an un- 
broken circuit a panorama that for picturesque va- 
riety and beauty is equaled perhaps nowhere in the 
country. Having no near mountain heights to dwarf 
its own strong setting, it looks out from its own 
native wilderness over land and water diversified 
and changeful. It is restful, rather than overpower- 
ing with great heights and dismal depths. Right 
and left runs the valley with its checker-board of 
field and woodland ; its network of roads ; its quaint 
farm buildings gathered here and there in little 
knots that form hamlets and prosperous villages, and 
beyond, hills rising into the ranges of the Adiron- 
dacks that stretch across, pointed at intervals with 
the grander mountain peaks. Toward the southeast 
a splendid road winds through the trees to the dock 
where busy life attends as the steamers come 
and go. East a broad swathe has been cut out 
through the green trees down to the water's edge, 
■vhere gleam the beach of ''The Singing Sands" 
circling in a broad belt toward the south, between 
the restless water and the thick growing cedars. 



Lake Champlain. i3^ 

Towards the north are perpendicular cliffs that 
attain quite a height — the bluffs which undoubtedly 
gave to the point its name. They are cleft asunder 
at^one place and made memorable by the tradition 
of the White Squaw and the Bloody Hand that 
left its marks on the walls, and later as the place 
where smugglers successfully landed their stores 
free from suspicion because of its seeming inac- 
cessibility, to those who were not in the secret. 

Valcour Island lies like a garden below, bordered 
with its varying belt of shrubbery. Beyond 
stretches the broad lake, dotted here and there with 
islands to the shores of Vermont, the Green Moun- 
tains beyond rising into the heights of Camel's 
Hump and Mount Mansfield. North and east are 
Grand Isle and the Great Back Bay ; at the north 
Cumberland Head, the sweeping circle of Piatt s- 
burgh Bay where occured that splendid naval battle 
of 1814— the last, as the battle of Valcour was the 
first, with the mother country — and nearer, the little 
island where sleep the dead of that eventful day. 

Within the hotel is found everything that apper- 
tains to a — oh much and ill-used term — first-class 
house. Every modern appliance tending to the 
comfort of guests will be found here. Its manage- 
ment will undoubtedly be all which time and ex- 
perience has shown to be the most acceptable to 
the traveled public, for O. D. Seavey, of the Ponce 
de Leon, St. Augustine, Florida, is at its head. 

Excursions may be made by steamboat from this 
point south to Ticonderoga, or north among the is- 
lands and on to the fishing grounds of the Lake. A 
fleet of boats ranging from the light Whitehall skiff 



132 



Lake Champlain. 



to the dainty little steam yacht, are here for charter. 
Drives are many and varied, and equipages here to 
suit all occasions. The distance from New York is 
308 miles ; fare $8.05. To montreal, 'j'j miles ; fare 




D. & H. RAILROAD STATION. 

$2.71. Quick and convenient train service will be 
maintained throughout the season north and south. 
Trains on the Chateaugay Railroad leave in the 
morning, arriving at Saranac Lake and the various 
hotels reached by the Chateaugay Railroad in time 
for dinner. -<nj 

Crab Island, some distance north of Valcour, is 
the burial place of the common sailors and marines 
who fell in the battle of Plattsburgh. North of this, 
and projecting well out across the lake, is Cumber- 
land Head, from which the shore recedes toward the 
north and west, then comes back in a wide sweep, 
embracing the waters of Cumberland Bay. 

The Battle of Plattsburgh took place here 
in 1814. Stripped of detail, the account of this de- 



Lake Champlain. 133 

cisive battle is as follows : On a beautiful Sabbath 
morning, September nth, 18 14, the American land 
forces under General McComb, and the American 
fleet under Commodore Macdonough, were simul- 
taneously attacked by the British land and water 
forces, under General Sir George Provost and Com 
modore Downie. The engagement resulted in, a 
complete victory for the former, only a few small 
boats of the enemy effecting a successful retreat. 
At the commencement of the naval engagement, 
the British land forces, consisting of 14,000 infantry 
advanced against the Americans, 3,000 strong, en- 
trenched at points along the south bank of the river, 
but were repulsed with a loss of 2,500 in killed, 
wounded and missing. They also lost immense 
stores, which were abandoned in their retreat — which 
served them right for breaking the Sabbath. The 
ruins of the old forts are to be seen on the south 
outskirts of the village. The largest — Fort Moreau 
— is in the centre, Fort Brown, on the bank of the 
river, and Fort Scott near the lake. Plattsburgh is 
a regular army post. The barracks, about a mile 
south of the village, near the lake shore, built in 
1838, are occupied by a company of soldiers belong- 
ing to the regular army. 

Plattsburgh is on the west shore of this bay, a 
thriving village of 8,000 inhabitants. It is of con- 
siderable commercial importance, being on the di- 
rect line between New York and Montreal, 311 miles 
from the former and 74 from the latter. It is the 
northern terminus of the Au Sable (Branch) Rail- 
road, and from it the Chateaugay Railroad pene- 
trates the mountains toward the west. Plattsburgh 
is thoroughly cosmopolitan, with an opinion to offer 



134 LAKE CHAMPLAIN. 

on every question of the day, exerting no mean 
influence through its wide-awake newspapers, the 
Daily Telegram^ and the Sentinel and Republican — 
the latter instituted in i8ii,and, notwithstanding 
its age, one of the most reliable and ably conducted 
-democratic weeklies in the state. 

x"he first settler in this region was Count Charles 
Je Fredenburgh, a captain in the English army. 
The warrant conveying the land to him bore date 
June II, 1769. 

The property reverting to the state after the Revo- 
lution, was granted, in 1784, to Zephaniah Piatt and 
others, and incorporated into the town of Platts- 
burgh, April 4, 1785. A company was then organ- 
ized which, in June of the same year, erected a mill 
at Fredenburgh Falls. The estimate of expense 
contained among other items, the following: " For 
bread, $65 ; for rum $80." They used a great deal 
of bread in those days. 

In the year 1800 Plattsburgh was the county 
seat, its territory extended from Lake George on 
the south to Canada and the St. Lawrence River on 
the north and west. The village then possessed a 
population of less than 300, and within the county 
limits were owned at this time 58 slaves. 

The FouqUET House is at the depot, and affords 
a convenient stopping place for parties arriving late 
or desiring to take an early train out. 

The Witherill House is near the post-ofifice. 
It is elegant in its appointments, its pictures and 
decorations displaying a high degree of artistic taste. 

The Cumberland stands at the corner of 
Trinity Square. 



Lake Champlain. 



135 



The town has numerous churches, high and 
graded schools, State Normal School, and one of 
the handsomest and best appointed opera houses in 
the state, outside the City of New York. 

The Barracks, occupied by several companies 
of soldiers form- 
ing a regular U.S. 
Army post, are 
near the lake 
shore, about a 
mile south of 
Plattsburgh. The 
old buildings 
were erected in 
1838. The new 
barracks and of- 
cers* quarters 
are handsome 
and imposing structures standing in ample grounds. 

The Catholic Summer School of America 
has acquired necessary land on the lake between 
Plattsburgh and Bluff Point and will erect build- 
ings suitable for its service. Lectures on scientific, 
historic and religious subjects are presented, the 
course extending from the middle of July to the 
middle of August. Rev. Thomas J. Conaty, D.D., 
President, Worcester, Mass. ; Rev. Thomas McMil- 
lan, C. S. P., Chairman Board of Studies, 415 West 
59th Street, New York City. 

The Chateaugay Railroad extends from 
Plattsburgh to Saranac Lake, a distance of 73 miles. 
The first section was built by the State to reach 
Clinton Prison, at Dannemora, 17 miles from Platts- 
burgh. In 1880, it was extended to Lyon Mountain* 




36 



Lake Champlain. 



17 miles further ; but the influx of Adirondack 
tourists was increasing, and the road, that climbed an 
altitude of 2,000 feet to Lyon Mountain, must go 
farther into the wilderness. So it was extended to 
Loon Lake. In 1888, 19 miles more were added, 
bringing it to Saranac Lake, distributing its passen- 




gers by various stage routes that branch from it to a 
score or more of summer hotels. By it tourists 
reach Chazy, Chateaugay, Loon, Rainbow, St. Regis, 
and Upper and Lower Saranac Lakes, Ray Brook, 
Lake Placid and Mirror Lake, reaching Cascade 
Lake and Adirondack Lodge by stage. A Wagner 
sleeping car leaves Grand Central Station, New York, 
daily the year round, for Plattsburgh, where passen- 
gers are given time for breakfast before leaving for 
the interior. During the pleasure season, passen- 
gers can leave Grand Central Station 7:30 P. M. 
connecting with trains leaving Plattsburgh 7:30 A. M., 
and reach the various resorts in time for dinner. 
Passengers can leave New York at 6 P. M. by Hud- 
son River night boats and by the Adirondack 



Lake Champlain. 137 

special from Albany or Troy, reach Plattsburgh at 
12:20 and Saranac Lake 4oO P.M. the following day. 
This enables passengers to take the stage ride from 
the railroad to the various hotels in the cool of the 
day. Drawing-room cars are run on all trains. 
Sleeping and drawing-room car accommodations 
can be secured in advance at any of the stations. A 
Sunday train each way will run during July and 
August. 

On and after July 15th trains of this line will be 
run through to Lake Placid without change, over 
the new Saranac and Lake Placid Railroad now 
under construction, thus saving the traveler the 
long and tiresome stage ride which has previously 
been necessary. 

"^ ^ •» ^ ^ ^ 

30. Cumberland Head is three miles from 
Plattsburgh. Near it occurred the naval battle of 
1814. Continuing northward the west shore is low 
but picturesque in its irregular line of deep bays 
and projecting points, but of Jittle interest histori- 
cally except for the old fort that once stood on 
Point au Fer, built, according to the best authori- 
ties, in 1774. * 

31. Rouse's Point, according to the United 
States Coast Survey, is about 107 miles north 
of Whitehall. It is a place of considerable commer- 
cial interest, and the most important port of entry 
on the frontier. Five railroads centre here, viz : 
the D. & H., leading to New York, the O. & L. C, 
to Ogdensburg and the Thousand Islands, the 
Grand Trunk to M(.ntreal, The Portland & Ogdens- 
burg to the White Mountains, and the Central Ver- 
mont to Boston and the southeast. 



138 Lake Champlain. 

32. Fort Montgomery, alittle way north of 

the long bridge, is an interesting ruin belonging to 

the United States. About a mile north of this a 

belt of woodland marks the boundary line between 

the United States and Canada 

^ * 45- * * * 

The Islands of Lake Champlain lie principally 
in its northern and broader parts. The larger ones 
are North and South Hero and Isle La Motte, 
which, with others of less note, and with Alburgh 
Tongue— extending from the north centrally eleven 
miles south of the Dominion line — constitute Grand 
Isle county belonging to the State of Vermont. 
Concerning this section, that enthusiastic sportsman. 
Dr. George F. Bixby, editor of the Plattsburgh Re- 
publican says : 

** Here are islands which now appear in their 
original beauty as when Champlain first saw them, 
the abode of eagles, so secluded are they. Here is 
better fishing, all the year round, than any other 
body of water in Northern New York can boast of; 
big, hungry fish, voracious pike, huge black bas^, as 
well as the muscallonge — that nearly extinct fish — 
and noblest and gamiest that swims, ready for the 
fisherman at all seasons. In their season, water fowl 
abound — enormous black ducks and wild geese, with 
small game in abundance ; with its facility of ac- 
cess from the Hudson and St. Lawrence for all kinds 
of craft; hospitality of inhabitants, pure air, pure 
water ; delightful scenery, eligible camping grounds 
and abundant bases of suppHes, all offer irresistible 
attraction to those unable to endure the fatigue 
incident to a lodge in the vast wilderness, or that 
other class who are 'constitutionally tired.'" 



Lake Champlain. 139 

In proof of the Doctor's faith In his own medicine 
is " Eagle Reef Lodge " on the North Sister, where 
lucky friend or luckless castaway may, alike, feel 
certain of a hearty welcome. 

South Hero, the largest of the islands, is twelve 
miles long and fills about one-third of the width of 
the lake. It is reached from the west by steamer, 
to Gordon's and Adams' Landings on the west, and 
on the Vermont side by Sand Bar Bridge. Hotels 
and farm houses furnish accommodation at from 
$7.00 a week upwards. 

Gordon's Landing is owned by D. I. Center. 
About 18 guests are provided for in the large stone 
house here. Post Office, Pearl, Vt. Entertainment 
can be had in the southerly portion of the island as 
follows : (Post Office address. South Hero, Vt.) 

*' Iodine Spring House," Capt. Warren Corbin, 
proprietor, on Keeler's Bay, 2>}i miles from Gor- 
don's Landing. Capacity about 50. Open all the 
year. ** Island House," C. S. Keeler, proprietor. 
P. O., South Hero. Four miles from Gordon's ; 
fare $1.00. Capacity 20. ''Locust Grove," H. 
Kibbe, proprietor. Six miles from Gordon's. Ca- 
pacity about 30. *' Martin Brothers" are near 
Locust Grove, and will accommodate 12. 

Eagle Camp on Rockwell's Bay is the summer 
place of Prof. George W. Perry, State Geologist, of 
Rutland, Vt., who brings a class of his boys here 
annually for summer outing. 



140 Lake Champlain. 

Ladd's Landing is at the northern extremity of 
the island. Alfred Ladd will provide for 15 guests ; 
Mrs. Julia Childs for 12. P. O., Grand Isle, Vt. 

North Hero extends northerly from South 
Hero, to which it is connected at Ladd's, by a swing 
bridge. The Post Office is North Hero, on the east 
side of the island about four miles from its south 
end. Steamer lands regularly through the summer. 
Boarding houses are as follows : Mrs. C. E. Darrow, 
on Hubbard's Bay, Ij4 miles north of Bow and Ar- 
row Point ; Mrs. H. W. Allen at the hamlet of 
North Hero ; open June 1st to October, with capac- 
ity for about 10 ; Nicholas Hale near by, with ac- 
commodations for ten or a dozen ; Mrs. Ruth Mc- 
Bride on the east shore, three miles north of the 
steamboat landing, will take care of 12 ; J. N. Par- 
ker will provide for 20, a half mile further north. 

Isle LaMotte is 9 miles north of Cumberland 
Head. It is 5^ miles long by about ij^ wide. 
About its southern extremity are valuable black 
marble quarries. On its west shore, midway, is the 
site for a fort, built in 1812, and near its north end 
the ruins of Fort St. Anne, built in 1866. The 
post office, located centrally, is Isle LaMotte, Vt. 
Communication with the New York shore is had by 
ferry to Chazy Landing and to Alburgh Tongue by 
bridge at the north end. 

The Island House is here, midway of the island, 
where the road runs to the four points of the com- 
pass. Capacity 15. Rates, $1.25 per day; $7.00 
per week. Open all the year. H. H. Hill, pro- 
prietor. Stage from Alburgh Station, 6 miles, 50 
cents. Summer boarders are also taken at the 



Lake Champlain. 141 

houses of E. S. Fleury and N. W. Fisk, on the west 
side, and Cyrus Holbrook, N. G. Hill and M. Phelps, 
on the east side, in the southerly part of the island. 
At the northern part, on the west, doors are thrown 
open by D. T. Trombly, M. Carron, Wm. H. Yale 
and Wm. F. Hill, the last at the light-house, while 
the east side, north, is represented by the houses of 
C. G. & E. S. Holcomb and W. D. Osborn— all of 
which address at Isle LaMotte, Vt. 

Alburgh Springs is near the east shore of Al- 
burgh Tongue, a mile north of Alburgh Station, 
seven miles east of Rouse's Point. Its sulphur and 
lithia springs attract visitors who bathe in, and drink 
the waters. Hotels are the Alburgh Springs House 
and the Mansion house. Rates, $2.50 to $3 per day. 
The Great Back Bay is a revelation. It might 
remain undiscovered for years by the voyager 
through from north or south if not especially sought 
for. It is revealed in its broad beauty and 
entirety only from the hills that compass it about 
on the east. Glance at the map and you will note 
that it forms by considerable the larger body of the 
lake at its north end. It is entered through the 
narrow passage between North and South Hero Is- 
lands or through the long, slim passage at the 
north. Away at the south it stretches, cut across, 
finally by Sand-Bar Bridge; at the north the open 
water is dotted with numerous small islands ; east 
St. Albans Bay enters deep into the main land, 
flanked and guarded by outstretching points and 
islands. This is noted fishing water and its shores 
favorite camping grounds. Some of these camps 
are for hire and some go only by favor. 



142 Lake Champlain. 

Camps along this shore to let are owned respect- 
ively by Zeb. Everest, Aldis Martin and Charles 
Rich. Summer boarders are taken by W. B. Hal- 
bert, George Youngers and A. Lazelle and Rocky 
Point Hotel, on St. Albans Point. Address at St. 
Albans Bay. 

St. Albans is a characteristic Yankee town, hav- 
ing a more cosmopolitan air, however, than most 
New England villages, due largely to the fact that 
the construction and repair shops of the Central 
Vermont R. R. are located here. The lower part 
of the town, in the vicinity of the railway station, is 
level ; but the land soon rises, and the principal 
business street, with the pleasantest part of the 
town, is built upon a gently sloping hill overlooking 
Lake Champlain, 2^ miles distant. A spacious 
park emphasizes the focal part of the town. It is 
spangled with pathways leading beneath fine elms 
almost as dense and stately as those of the storied 
aisles of classic New Haven. The Welden is the 
chief hotel of the town. 

Aldis Hill, an elevation near the town, commands 
the ranges of the Adirondacks and Green Mountains, 
and a wide stretch of Lake Champlain. The ride 
to Bellevue, a winding hillside road, leading to the 
top of a neighboring eminence, gives one of the most 
extensive views in the State. 

Samson's Lake View House is on the lake 
shore three miles north of St. Albans Point. P. O., 
Lake View House, Vt., H. L. Samson, proprietor. 
Capacity of house 50. Rates on application. 



Lake Champlain. 143 

Hotel Champlain, of the east, is at the north 
end of the *' Great Back Bay " locally known as 
'' Maquam," the Western terminus of the St. J. & L. 
C. R. R. Close connections are made at Swanton 
with trains for Boston and New York. Excellent 
fishing is found here, yielding small mouthed black 
bass, pickerel, pike and muscallonge. Fishing 
boats, experienced guides and all necessaries for 
sport can be had here during the fishing season. 
Pleasant drives lead back into the country and south 
along the lake shore. This is the original ** Hotel 
Champlain'' and not to be confounded with its new 
neighbor on the west shore. Rates, $2.50 per day; 
$9 to $14 per week. Open June 1st. C. F. Smith, 
proprietor. P,, O. Maquam, Vt. Telegraph office 
in the house. 

Continuing northward around Hog Island (made 
an island by the united waters of Maquam and 
Charcoal Creeks) the spreading delta of the Missis- 
quoi River is found where the ** Swanton Gun Club " 
go regularly into camp. From this point is seen 
the noble expanse of Missisquoi Bay, 4 miles wide, 
and extending down into the Dominion of Canada 
an equal distance. 

HiGHGATE Springs is on the shore of the bay, 
backward southeast from the Delta. It is 14 miles 
north of St. Albans and about two miles south of 
the Canada line. The Franklin House and cottages 
standing here furnish excellent accommodations for 
150 guests. Judson L. Scott, proprietor. Board 
$2.50 to $3.00 per day. Post and telegraph offices 
in the house. The attractions are duck-hunting 



Lake Champlain. 

and fishing. The place is attractive, the fare and 
accommodations excellent, and the mineral water-^ 
ah, that water ! it should be tasted to be appreciated. 
It has been analyzed and the man survived ! Any- 
way, the spring houses look nice in a picture. 

MlSSISQUOi Park is a few rods north of the sta- 
tion on the shore of Missisquoi Bay. Nature has 
been lavish of her favors here. The grounds are 
broken into delightful forms, shaded by far spread- 
ing butternuts, elms — graceful as weeping willows — 
and cedars, twisted and shaggy. Velvety sward and 
richly colored rocks and ledges, cropping out, com- 
plete the picture, and the Central Vermont railroad 
has enhanced its beauties by making its enjoyment 
possible. It has encouraged Nature by building 
cozy seats through Lovers' Lane, and opening up se- 
cluded walks under the trees. It has built . swings 
for two, of the kind worked by its occupants, with 
no one to interfere, and it has furnished the time- 
honored, inevitable dancing pavilion and nickle- 
drawing refreshment rooms. On the whole, the 
place is delightful, and is appreciated by the im- 
mense excursions that come from the north, south 
and east to enjoy its favors. 

And here we must say good-bye, and — whether 
your course leads westward to the sparking waters 
that mirror the Thousand Islands ; to the splendors 
that cluster around Mount Royal ; to the quaint 
places of Quebec, or eastward, to where you lose 
yourself among the mighty fastnesses of the White 
Hills of New Hampshire— wish you many happy 
seasons yet to come and ^* Bon voyage'' 



INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. 

Sections and Subjects Alphabetically Arranged. 
ADIRONDACK HOTELS.-St. Hubert's Inn, 163. AL- 
BANY, Hotel Kenmore, 161. GLENS FALLS, Rockwell 
House, 154. ATI SABLE CHASM, Lake View, 162. LAKE 
CHAMPLAIN, AuSable Chasm, 162 ; Hotel Champlain (Bluff 
Pt.), 165 ; Hotel Champlain (Maquam Bay), 154 ; Hotel Douglas, 
iSi ; Lake House (Crown Pt.), 160 ; Westport Inn, 154. LAKE 
GEORGE, Arlington, 155 ; Central House, 155 ; The Crosbyside, 
156; Hundred Island, 158 ; Island Harbor, 158; Kattskill, 155 ; 
Lake House, 155 ; Lake View, 156 ; Locust Grove, 156; Marion 
House, 157 ; Pearl Point, 157 ; Rogers' Rock,^i59 ; Trout House, 
159. SARATOGA, (see pages in Saratoga department of this 
book), Albemarle, 47 ; Congress Hall, 47 ; Elmwood Hall, 46 ; 
Dr. Hamilton's, 46 ; Dr. S. E. Strong's, 49 "» United States, 46 ; 
Windsor, 48 ; Worden, 46. TICONDEROGA, Burleigh House, 
160. 
PASSENGER RATES from New York, 171. 
RAILROADS.— Central Vermont, 157; Chateaugay, 169; 
Delaware & Hudson, 168 ; Fitchburg, 172 ; New York Central & 
Hudson River, 170 ; Union Electric, 47 Saratoga side. 
STAGES- — Ticonderoga & Schroon Lake, 159. 
STEAMBOATS.— Citizens' Evening Line, 152 ; Clyde Line to 
Florida, 173 ; Hudson River Day Boats, inside cover Saratoga 
side of book ; People's Line, 164 ; Lake George, 152-153 ; Lake 
Champlain, 153. 

GLENS FALLS.— B. B. Fowler. Cloaks, Carpets, Dry Goods, 
149-B ; Hotel, 151 ; Shirts, Collars and Cuffs, 150 ; Terra Gotta 
and Brick Co., 151 ; Business Cards, 147-151. 

LAKE GEORGE.— Business Cards, 155 ; Books and Pictures, 
178 ; Lake George Assembly, 156 ; " Lake George Mirror," 151. 
SARATOGA Real Estate, 48 Saratoga side. 
PHOTOGRAPHIC— List of Views, 179 ; Outfits— Eastman's 
Kodak Company, 167 ; Publications— Photographs, 146-1. 

BOOKS AND PERIODICALS.— Adirondacks, 177-178; 

Adirondack News, 174 ; Fc^rest and Stream, 166 ; N. Y. C. & H. 
R. R. Illustrated Catalogue, 170 ; Gameland, 164 ; Summer 

Homes, 164 ; ADIRONDACK LECTURE, 175-176. 

MAPS.— Adirondack Wilderness, 180, 

CONGRESS WATER, 181. 



** THE ADIRONDACKS 

AND THEM GLORIFIED," 

{From the New TorJc Mail and Express 
J^une 9th, 1894,) 

"Close Upon the heels of Murray 
came S. R. Stoddard, with his camera, 
his note book and his brush, all of which 
he has used continuously for twenty- 
three years to make the fame of the 
Adirondack Wilderness known to the 
outside world. Stoddard has done even 
more than Hurray to publish the results 
of his discoveries, for in guide books, on 
his maps, in his marvelous photographs, 
on the lecture platform, on the screen, 
in poetry and in song, he has for nearly 
a quarter of a century preached the 
Adirondacks, and them glorified." ® 



GLENS FALLS BUSINESS HOUSES. 

ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED. 

AWNINGS— W. B. Tearse, Tents, Canopies, Awnings, 
Boat Cushions, etc., on hand or furnished at short notice. 

BOOKS.— P. P. Braley & Co., 133 Glen Street. Booksellers 
and Siationers, dealers in wall paper, window shades, artists' 
goods, zephyrs, hammocks, lawn tennis, croquet, etc. 

Crittenden & Cowles, Books, Stationery, Fancy Goods, and 
High Art Wall Papers. Oldest house of the kind in Warren 
County. Business established in 1868. 

BOOTS AND SHOES.— Hartman & Everest, Crandall 

Block, Monument Square. Boots, shoes, rubbers, leather and 
findings, with a line of speciahies in E. C. Burt's and Gray 
Brothers fine work. 

Long Bros., 85 Glen St. (store known as " The Albany shoe 
store ' ;, carry a full line of Boots and Shoes and sell them 
cheap. Their leading Ladies' shoe is the John Kelly Line ; also 
the Fanner & Spinner shoes. Order a pair by mail. They pay 
all postage and guaiantee satisfaction. 

CARRIAGES.— Glens Falls Buckboard Co., D. L. Robert- 
son, President ; W. B. Griffin, Sec y and Treasurer. Patentees 
and Manufacturers of Art Buckboard s, Warren Street. 

Nelson LaSalle, manufacturer of fine light carriages and 
sleighs, including the combination buck-board wagon. Special 
attention given to repairing in all branches. 36 Glen Street. 
, CATERER.— Anthony Shaffer, Caterer, Baker and Confec- 
tioner. Creams and Ices constantly on hand. Wedding and re- 
ception orders promptly filled. Shell oysters in season. 

CONFECTIONER Y.^David H. Hall, wholesale and retail 
confectioner. Fine goods a specialty. Jobber in choice cigars. 
Sole agent for "Marie Antoinette" and " Great Republic " 
cigars. 

CLOTHING.— Dennis McLaughlin, Merchant Tailor, 141 

Glen Street, (2d floor). All garments made up in first-class style. 
Satisfaction guaranteed. 

D. E. Peck, popular clothier and hatter, 10 Warren St. Men's, 
youths', boys' and children's tailor-fiiting clothing, hats, caps, 
umbrellas, canes, hammocks, and gents' furnishing goods. Head- 
quarters for trunks, travelling bags, &c. 

Rochester Clothing Co., Glens Falls, N. Y. Fine Clothing 
a specialty. Young Men's Christian Association Building, Glen 
Street. 



148 Glens Falls Business Cards. 

DENTISTS —Dr. James S. Garrett, Opera House Block. 

Established in 1874. 

Dr. L. H. Graves, S. W. Cor. Glen and Exchange Sts. For 
two years Teacher of Operative Dentistry at the University of 
Pa. Difficult cases soMcited. 

DIAMONDS.— L. P. Juvet. Fine stones a specialty. 

DRUGS.— Ames & Baldwin, chemists and druggists, 150 
Glen Street. Physicians' Prescriptions a specialty. Finest and 
best equipped Drug Store in northern New York. Mail orders 
will receive prompt attention. 

Ferris & Viele, Leading Druggists, 124 Glen St. Specialties. 
Wallace & Co.'s choice confections ; Palmer's perfumes, artist's 
materials, colored fires, etc. Prescriptions leceive especial at- 
tention. 

Leggett & Peddie, Wholesale and Retail Druggists, 137 Glen 
Street. Dealers in paints, oils, window ^lass, and artists' ma- 
terials, tobacco, snuff and cigars, timothy, clover and garden 
seeds, etc. 

Reuben N. Peck» 8 Warren Street, druggist and apo'hecary. 
Specialties in patent medicines, perfumery, paints, oils, glass, etc. 

DRY GOODS.— The Boston Store Company. Leading and 

largest dry goods and millinery establishment in northern New 
York, 139 and 141 Glen Street. Particular attention paid to mail 
orders. 

Byron B. Fowler, Exchange Building, 130 Glen Street. Dry 
goods, carpets, cljafcs, laces, gloves, etc. 

Goodson Bros., dealers in drv goods. Sell strictly for cash. 
One price to eveeybody and that price the same every day in the 
week. 23 Ridge street. 

ELECTRICIAN.— Geo. E. Adams & Co. See hardware. 

Electric lighting apparatus, electric bells, annunciators for hotels 
and every description of electric work put in and repaired. 

EYE SPECIALIST.— L. P. Juvet, Oculist. Prescriptions 

given for all errors of refraction. 

FURNITURE.— Chamberlin Furniture Company. Oil 

Cloths and Carpets. General Household Goods, Stoves, etc., 75 
and 77 Glen Street. 

Charles 0. Howe. Furniture of every description for the 
cottage or the palace. Picture framing, spring beds, mattresses, 
pillows, etc. Monument Square. Largest stock and warerooms 
in town. 

Wilmarth & LaSalle, 15 and 17 Ridge Street ; furniture and 
undertaking. Cottage furniture a specialty. Folding cots, piazza 
chairs, etc. This house having been in business in this place for 
fifty-two years, is competent to meet all requirements of its cus- 
tomers. 



Glens Falls Business Cards. 149 

GROCERIES— J. C. Kelly, 13 Ridge Street, Retail dealer in 
high class groceries. Pure teas, coffees and spices a specialty. 
Fresh canned goods of every description. Has exclusive sale of 
Larrabee's breads. 

John S. Powers, deader in fine groceries, teas and coffees. 
Wholesale and retail fruit dealer. Fine butter, fresh eggs, best 
cheese, olives and table luxuries, tobaccos and cigars. Sole 
agents for Autograph flour. Boston coffee. i8 Warren street 
and 34 South street. 

Smith & Horton, fine groceries, choice teas, coffees, flour and 
creamery butter. Canned goods a specialty. Crandall Block, 
Monument Square. 

W. H. Stewart & Co. A full line of fancy imported and do- 
mestic groceries constantly on hand. We make a specialty of 
hotel and cottage trade, and are always in a position to name 
prices that will insure a saving over any competitors. Send for 
catalogue, 126 Glen Street. 

HARDWARE.— Geo. E. Adams & Co., dealers in Andes 
stoves and general hardware. Plumbing, steam heating, gas 
fitting, etc, 

Stillwell & Allen, 134 Glen Street. Hardware, stoves, 
pumps, refrigerators. Rope and cordage. Moth-proof carpet 
paper, etc. 

HARNESS.— W. B. Tearse, 18 Exchange Street. Riding 
outfits and harness of every style and variety. Everything usu- 
ally kept in the line of horsemen's goods. 

JEWELRY.— L. p. Juvet, finest and largest stock in North- 
ern New York. 

H. E. Floyd, watchmaker and jeweler. Repairing a specialty. 
Fountain Square, cor. Warren and R'dge Street, 

James E. Thompson, Watches, Jewelry and Silver Ware. 
Repairing a specialtv, 85 Glen Street. 

LIVERY.— H. R. Leavans & Co., Ridge Street, Glens Falls. 
Farm wagons, robes, horsemen's outfitters. 

MARKETMEN.— J. N. Curvo, dealer in fresh and salt 
meats, fish, oysters, clams, vegetables, canned goods of all kinds. 
Butter and eggs a specialty. 83 Glen Street, opp. Park Street. 
Telephone rail. 

Corbett & Callahan, dealers in choice meats, fresh and salt 
fish, vegetables, canned goods, etc. New market, corner South 
and Elm Streets. 

MILLINER.— Mrs. H. W. Mason, fashionable millinery, 
hair goods, Ladies', Misses' and Children's underwear, hosiery, 
corsets and infants' clothing, No. 125 Glen Street. 

STEAM BOILERS.-G. E. Adams & Co., 145 Glen Street. 

Manufacturers of Adams' Pattern Safety Water Tube Steam 
Boilers for Yachts and Steamboats. 

SPECTACLES AND EYE-GLASSES, fitted to the eyes by 
scientific methods. L. P. Juvet. 



/ 



* 

^ t-^^ 



.^^1^^^^ 






* 





"FOWLER 

Is a household word 
throughout Northern New York. 

A quarter of a century of upright 

dealing, backed up by the largest 

stock kept outside of the large cities, 
has made him the ac" 
knowledged leader 
in Dry Goods, Carpets 
and Cloaks, for the 
season of 1894. 

He has added a large ^ „ ^ ^ 
store and filled it to over- "^ ' 
flowing with the best quality 
of Domestic Goods. Linens, Wash 
Goods of all descriptions, Hosiery, Under- 
wear, Kid Gloves, &c. 
149B 







In Our - - ■ 
Cloak Department, 

(Now one of the finest in 

the State and upon the 

ground floor), 
We are showing the most 
complete line of all the 
Novelties as fast as they 
appear. 

© ® © © ^' 

Our Carpet Department - ■ ■ 

- - - Cannot be Equalled. 

It embraces all the best makes of Axminster, 
Weltons, Moquettes, Body Brussels, Tapestry 
Brussels, Ingrains and Mattings. 

Special Prices Made to Hotels. 

We send samples of all kinds of goods from which 
samples can be cut. 

Our Mail Order Department is so thoroughly systemized 
as to insure prompt attention. 

130 & 132 Glen Street, 
GLENS FALLS, NEW YORK. 

149c 



^-JOSEPH FOmiiEt^,-^ 

5fiirt @ (ollar (o. 




Manufacturers 

OF 

Negligee and 
White Shirts. 



Men's Linen 

Collars and 
Cuffs. 

Paper Boxes. 
W 



FACTORY AND LAUNDRY AT 

M Glens Falls, H- "^- " 



150 



ROCKWELL HOUSE 

Largest and best hotel in Glens Falls. 

Capacity loo. Rates, $3 per day. Special for Week or Season. 

Many improvements have been made during the year. 

Complete system of Hot Water Heating. NO CHARGE 

FOR HEATING PRIVATE ROOMS IN 

COLD WEATHER. 

C. L. ROCKWELL, Manager. 

GLENS FALLS 

Terra Cottai Brick Co. 

J. M. COOLIDGE, President. CHARLES SCALES, Superintendent. 

The Lake George Mirror ^^ «"« of the hand- 

•^ somest watering 

place journals published. Its pages are devoted to light read- 
ing of the most approved watering place gossip. No scandal. 
If you wish to reach the best bred people or read all the news 
on Lake George, you cannot do better than subscribe or ad- 
vertise in the LAKE GEORGE MIRROR. Subscription to the 
MIRROR, $1.00 for season, paid in advance. The MIRROR 
is published for fifteen weeks from the first of June until the 
middle of September. 

W. H. TIPPETTS, Editor and Publisher. 

Address, November to June, Glens Falls, N. Y. 

Address during the months June to November, The Lake 
George Assembly, Lake George, N. Y. 



Prince AreneZeba, ^ romance of Lake George. 

^ 'By Jerome Cabal. 

Paper, 25 cents. Cloth, Ir.oo. W. H. TIPPETTS, Publisher. 



151 



The "Mohican" 

Will leave Fort William Henry Pier, for PARADISE BAY, 

twice daily, in the morning at g:;© and upon arrival of 
the morning train, and again at 2:30 p. M.; returning at i and 
6:50 p. M. The Mohican will make all intermediate landings 
on signal. Fare the round trip, from any landing on the route, 
75 cents. 

The Mohican can also be chartered for moonlight and 
special excursions of every description. 

Saturday, the Mohican will leave the Fort William Henry- 
Pier after arrival of evening train (about 7:30) and run to 
Pearl Point, making all landings on signal. Returns Monday 
mornings to connect with fast train south (about 6:50 A. M.) 

Sunday excursions morning and afternoon. 

(Citizens' Line Steamers,P<g;^^eYgout'e°" 

^^ between NEW YORK, TROY, SARATOGA, LAKE 
GEORGE, and at all points in the Adirondack Region. New 
Palace Steamers 

SARATOGA and CITY OF TROY. 

Lighted throughout by electricity. Electric lights and electrio 
bells in every room. Fare lower than by any other route. 
Leave NEW YORK daily (except Saturday), at 6 P. M., Pier 42, 
N. R. (second pier above Christopher St.,) connecting with all 
early trains North and East. Leave TROY daily (except 
Saturday) on arrival Evening Train, Sunday, at 6 P. M. 
Sunday Steamers, both North and South, touch at Albany. 
For Tickets and State Rooms in New York, apply at the 
office on the Pier ; at 207, 257, 261, 271, 397, 944, 1323 Broadway, 
and 737 Sixth Avenue ; 4 Court Street, Brooklyn ; 838 and 860 
Fulton Street ; 107 Broadway, Williamsburgh. In the South 
at principal Ticket Offices in Philadelphia, Baltimore, Wash- 
ington and Richmond. 

GEO. W. NORTON Vice-Prest. J. CORNELL, President. 

GEO. W. GIBSON, Gen. Pass. Agt. G. M. LEWIS, Gen. Ticket Agt. 

TROY, N.Y. NEW YORK. 



Lake Champlain Steamers 

SXJIVIIVIKR ARRANGEMENT. 
SEASON 0R1S9^. 

"VERMONT,*' Capt. R. Arbuckle, 

will leave Plattsburgh at 7:00 A. M.; Bluff Point (Catholic Sum- 
mer School), 7:15 A. M.; Port Kent, 7:35 A. M.; Burlington, 8:40 
A. M.; Westport, 10:10 A. M.; arriving at Fort Ticonderoga, 
12:15 P. M., connecting with trains for the South and Lake 
George ; returning leave Fort Ticonderoga on arrival of 
trains from the South and Lake George, 1:30 P. M.; Westport, 
3:30 P. M.; for Burlington, Port Kent, Bluff Point and Platts- 
burgh. BREAKFAST, DINNER AND SUPPER SERVED 
ON BOARD. 

"CHATEAUGAY," Capt. Baldwin, 

will leave Westport at 7:00 A. M., touching at Essex, Burling- 
ton, Port Kent, Bluff Point (Catholic Summer School), Platts- 
burgh, Gordon's and Adams,' reaching North Hero 12:20 P. M. 
returning, leave North Hero 12:20 P. M., touching as above, 
arrive at Westport 6:45 P. M. 

MEALS SERVED ON BOARD. 

Lake George Steamers. 

"HORICON," Capt. E. S. Harris, 

will leave Caldwell on arrival of train from Saratoga and the 
South 9:40 A. M., for way landings and Baldwin, connecting 
with trains for Lake Champlain ; returning leave Baldwin 
1:00 P. M. for Caldwell and the South. 

"TICONDEROGA," Capt. E.G. White, 

leave Baldwin 7:30 A. M., for way landings and Caldwell, con- 
necting with train from Saratoga, Albany and New York ; 
leaves Caldwell on arrival of train 4:30 P. M., for Baldwin. 

MEALS SERVED ON BOARD. 

GEOEGE EUSHLOW, General Manager. 
General Office : Burlington, Vt. 

153 



LAKE CHAMPLAIN. 
The WESTPORT INN, 

Westport on Lake Champlain, N, Y. 

Mrs. 0. 0. DANIELL, Manager. Mrs. HENET LYON, Asst. 

A thoroughly, well appointed house, with good table, mountain spring 
water and excellent drainage, wide piazzas, with a superb view of the 
Lake and Mountains. 

Capacity 150. Rates, $3 to $4 per day, $10. 00 to $21.00 per week. 

Good boating, fishing and fine drives. Livery stable near the houce. 

It IS within two minutes walk of the Lake Champlain Transportation 
Company's wharf, two minutes from the Library and Post Office, and ten 
minutes drive from the Telegraph Office and Depot of the D. & H. R. R. 

Stages to and from interior points in the Adirondacks twice daily. 

ADDRESS, NA/ESXPORT, IM. Y. 

HOTEL DOUGLAS, 

At Port Douglas— the " Naples of Lake Champlain "—on the west 

shore south of Port Kent. HUNTING, FISHING, SAILING. Free 

Carriage to boat and station on notice. Capacity ofthis house 

6o. Rates $2 per day, $8 to $12 per week. Open June 15 to Oct. i, 

Address for particulars, J. L. MOCK, Douglas, N. Y. 

HOTELCHAMPLAIN "SeT^o-n^^ 

Situated on the East shore of Lake Champlain. Connections 
at Swanton with N. Y. & Boston trains. Steamer Maquam to 
Plattsburgh dail}^ Two daily mails. Telegraph in house. 
Excellent Hunting and Fishing. C. F. SMITH, Proprietor. 

P. O. Address, Maquam Bay, Swanton, Vt. 

NORTH HERO. John N. Parker's Farm House. Capac- 
ity 20. $6 per week. Open June i to October 15. P. O. North 
Hero, Vt. 

NORTH HERO. Allen House, Mrs. H. W. Allen, pro- 
prietor. Capacity 10. $1.25 day, $7 week. Open June i to 
October. P. O. North Hero, Vt. 

SOUTH HERO. Iodine Spring House, Warren Corbin, 
proprietor. Capacity 50 to 60. Rates, $1.50 to $2 per day, $6 to 
$9 week. Open year round. 3 miles from Steamboat Landing. 

INTERLAKEN HOUSE. C. B. White, Manager. 
Capacity 100. $3 day. Special for long stay. Open May 15 to 
Nov. 15. Special to Keeseville 2 m. P. O. Keeseville, N. Y. 

154 



LAKE^HOUSE, 

[A^^E(EOt^GE,f\|.Y. 

Por ^erms, 

aAddi'ess Is. ^. pi^K^-pt, Manalei-. 
CENTRAL HOUSE, 

LAKE GEORGE, N. Y. 

EDWIN J. WORDEN, Manager, 

Thoroughly Repaired and Refurished this Season. Free 'Bus 
to all Trains. Open from June 1, to December 1. 

92 per day, $8 to $14 per week. Special rates for season. 

The Arlington Hotel, 

LAKE GEORGE, N. Y. 

EUGENE A.. DENTON, IVIanager. 

Free 'Bus to and fromall Trains. Heated throughout with 
Steam. $2 per day, $8 to $10 per week. Open all the Year. 

E:, R, Zie^ACH, DRUGGIST, 

And Dealer in Confectionery, Curios, Books and Pictures. 
At the "Old Stone Store," Caldwell, Lake George, N. Y. 

155 



RECREATION ITS WTATCH WOR D. 

LAKE GEORCE ASSEMBLY. 



(The word Assembly used mostly in a social sense.) 

OLONY OF 
OTTAGERS. 



.Ts AIM A- KSaSiUrAl" K°'-°'^^ °" 

BEAUTIFULLY SITUATED AT 

ASSEMBLY POINT, ON LAKE GEORGE. 

Pure Air, Water, Enjoyment. Lots, Plots and Cottages for 
sale at reasonable prices, and on favorable terms. 
For further information, address 

Ij. G. a., Lake G-eorgre, Warren Co., N. Y. 

THE CROSBlSIDE Lessee '& Proprietor 

Rates, 93 perday, S14 to SI 7.50 per week. Open June to 
October. Free 'bus to all trains. All boats land at dock. 

KATTSKILL HOUSE.^^'n^'y""" 

Open June 15th for the reception of guests. For terms and 
particulars, address 

A. P. SCOVILLE, Proprietor, Kattskill Bay, N. Y. 

The lake VIEW HOUSE, 

BOLTON, ON LAKE GEORGE. 

Bowling Alleys, Billiard Tables, Row Boats, etc. Telegraph 
in the house. Terms: $12 to $15 per week ; $3 per day. 
*' The New Lake View." It will be three stories in height, built 
in sections, like the Sagamore, everj'- room commanding a 
view of the lake or the mountains, and will accommodate 250 
guests. R. J. BROWN, Proprietor. 

LOCUST GROVE HOUSE, 

BOIvTON'ON- I^A.K:E GEORGE. 

GEO. R. FISH, Phoprietor. 

Beautiful surroundings ; lovely drives and rambles ; excel- 
lent table and good service ; pure mountain spring water ; 
boats for pleasure or fishing; free 'bus to and from steamboat 
landing. "Terms: $8 to $14 per week. Correspondence solic- 
ited. Address, GEO. R. FISH, Bolton, N. Y. 

156 



THE MARION HOeSE, 

I2AKE GEORGE. N. Y. 

Located on the west shore of the lake, about six miles north 
of Caldwell ; stands on a slight eminence, a little removed 
from the water ; commands a view of the broadest portion of 
the lake. • 

Elevator, Electric Lights, Gas, Electric Bells, Telegraph in the house. 

Four daily mails ; sanitary conditions perfect ; pure 

spring water. 

Jersey Milk, Cream and Vegetables from the Hotel Farm. 
Delightful drives. Good fishing. Every facility for amusement 

Accommodations for 400 Guests. 

Bates $3.50 per day ; $14 to $25 per week. Send for 

illustrated book. 

D. W. SHERMAN, Proprietor. 
H. li. SHERMAN, Manager. 

Address at Glens Falls until June lo. after that date. 
West Side, Warren Co. 



f EARL f OINT lOUSE. 

Lake Qeorge, N. Y. 

One of the leading hotels at the Lake. Twelve miles from 
Caldwell, on the east side, in the 

MOST ATTRACTIVE PART OF THE LAKE, 

known as the "Narrows." It has all the requisites for 
15leasure seekers, and its 

FLEET OF SAIL AND ROW BOATS 

is the largest on the lake. 
Capacity, 150. Telegraph in the house. Four daily mails. 
Rates, $3.50 per day ; $12 to $21 per week. 

D. W. SHERMAN, Proprietor. 

157 







HUNDRED ISLAND HOUSE, 

SHELVING ROCK, N. Y. 



MISS JENNIE BRADLEY, Lessee, 
MISS M. J. GROERK, Manager. 

Rates, $io to $17.50 per week; $2.50 to $3 per day. Post 
Office in the house. Particular attention given to invalids. 
Telegraph oifice within five minutes' walk. Fresh milk and 
vegetables from Shelving Rock Farm. 



%r?:r^ 



ISLAND HARBOR th??hSrro^£'V°SS,Ul 

harbor landlocked by islands forming the WALTONIAN 
GROUP. Is especially adapted to the convenience and com- 
fort of lovers of "woods and waters" and the sports incident 
thereto. Safe boating 
for ladies and others of 
limited experience 
among the islands. 
While our rates are verj' *^^^= 
moderate, we remind our ^^ 

patrons that the beauties 
and benefits of Lake 
George are as free to 
them here as at the more expensive places. Pleasant drives 
to many points of interest, including Fort Ticonderoga, 
Sabbath Day Point, and other localities which the pen of the 
historian has made famous. Horses, carriages, boats and 
guides. House accommodates 50 guests. References in all 
principal cities. TELEGRAPH IN THE HOUSE. Rates, $1.50 per 
day ; $8 to $10 per week. Address 

A. C. CLIFTON, Hag-ue, Warren County, N. Y. 

158 




TROUT HOUSE, hague. 

Remodeled and refurnished. Spacious 
piazza facing the lake. Lawn Tennis. Com- 
mands one of the finest views on Lake 
George. Boats to rent, with fishermen in 
attendance, at reasonable rates. The best 
fishing waters of Lake George within 15 
minutes' row of the house. We have the 
reputation of setting a first-class table. 
Capacity 40. Board from $7.00 to $8.00 per 
week ; $1.25 per day. 

CHAS. H. WHEELER, Proprietor. 

RISING HOUSE. Capacity 50. Rates, $1.50 day, $7 to 
$10 week. Open June i to October i. Dock for small steam- 
ers. BYRON A. RISING, Proprietor, Hague, N. Y. 




Rogers' Rock Hotel, 

Open from June to October. 

All Steamers Land at Motel Dock. 

Rates: Per day, $3 ; Per week, for August, $21 to 
$28; for July and August, $17,50 to $21; less for June 
and September, or for the entire season. 
Address for particulars, 

T. J. TREADWAY, Manager, 

Rogers' Rock, N. Y. 

Ticonderoga ^ Schroon Lake 

STAGE COIVIRAIMY. 

Stages daily (Sunday excepted) through Paragon Notch 
past the TRINITY LAKES- 

L.eave Schroon Lake at 6.30 A. M. (passing Paradox, Pyra- 
mid and Paragon Lakes. 

Arrive at Ticonderoga at 11.30 (connecting with Steamers 
South on Lake George, and North on Lake Champlain.) 

Returning leave Ticonderoga at 1.30 P. M. 

Arrive at Scliroon Lake at 6.30 P. M. 
For parties or special conveyance address, S. C. BAILEY, 
manager, Ticonderoga, N. Y. 

159 



Hotel Burleigh, 



Ticonderoga^ 
N. Y. 



E. J. WOOD, Proprietor. 

This new and elegant hotel is pleasantly located midway 
between Lake Cliainplain and Lake George. 

The "building is of brick, 80x40, 4 stories above the base- 
ment. Mansard roof, 100 commodious rooms, newly fur- 
nislied and supplied with an abundance of Lake 'George 
water, lieated toy steam, lighted by electric liglit, hot 
and cold water baths, complete fire protection on each floor. 
All the appointments are first-class. Burleigh House is within 
three hours ride of Schroon Lake. Stage daily. Shortest 
and most directway to the Adirondacks. 

Attractions include many points of historic interest 
within short range of this hotel, among which are the exten- 
sive fortifications of FORT TICONDEROGA, built by the 
French in 1755, and surrendered to Col. Ethan Allen, May 10th, 
1775, who demanded it " in the name of the Great Jehovah and 
the Continental Congress." 

Mount Hope,where heavy redoubts and fortifications were 
made upon which to erect batteries to bear upon the fort. 

Mount Defiance, which rises 750 feet above Lake Cham- 
plain. Gen. Burgoyne ascended this mountain from the north, 
July 4, 1777, erected a battery of heavy guns upon its summit, 
completely commanding the Fort and dislodged the Americans. 

Lake George (the "Como" of America), with its many 
delightful resorts and thousand enchanting views. 

Lord Howe's Monument, erected near where he was 
wounded by a French scout. 

Fort Frederick, built by the French, 1731, much of which 
remains in a state of good preservation. And many other 
localities of interest. 

FIRST-CLASS LIVERY connected with the house. GOOD 
BOATING within a few minutes walk on either lake. Fine 
opportunity for fishing, where tons of trout and bass are 
annually taken. Hunting grounds between Lake Pharaoh and 
George, abound with deer and small game. Telegraph and ex- 
press office in the house. Rates of board $10 to $20 per week. 
Transient, $2.50 per day. 

LAKE CHAVIPI^AIN 

LAKE HOUSE, Crown Point, K.Y. 

M. CILLICAN, PROPRIETOR. 

Rates, $2.00 per day; $6 to $8 per week. Splendid boating 
and fishing, riding and driving. Free carriage to boats and 
trains. 

i6o 




HOTEL KENMORE. 

THE LEADING HOTEL OF 

AL BANY, N . Y, 

SXRICTI-Y RIRST-CLASS. 



Special attention given to tourists. Centrally located. Con- 
venient to State Capitol, other public buildings 
and places of interest. 



Free Omnibusses in Attendance at all Trains and Boats. 



H. J. ROCKWELL, Proprietor. F. W. ROCKWELL, Manager. 
i6i 



Saratoga, 

Lal^e George, 

Lal^e Ctiaitiplair^, 

Ausable Chasm. 

If you visit any, 

do not miss the latter. 

DIRECT RAILROAD CONNECTIONS WITH 
D. & H. R. R. AND LAKE CHAMPLAIN 

STEAMERS. 
STOP-OVER PRIVILEGES ALLOWED. 



Lai^e View tfodse 

TTNDEB SAME MANAGEMENT. 

W. H. TRACY, Proprietor. 

162 



St. HuhePts Inn 

Rfit) COTTAGES. 

IN THE MOUNTAINS AT KEENE HEIGHTS, 
THE HEAD OF 

Beautiful Keene Valley, 

THE SWITZERLAND OF AMERICA. 

BEEDE & HOUGHTON, - Proprietors, 

Beede's, Esses County, N. Y. 



New Hotel with all modern improvements. OPEN JULY 
1st to OCTOBER 1st. Close by entrance to Adirondack Mt. 
Reserve. Mail, Telegraph, Livery and convenient Stage 
Service. Spacious rooms, open fire-places, steam heat, pure 
water and perfect drainage are all provided for. 



Wildwood Paths to Streams and Waterfalls. Trails 

to the tops of Marcy, Skylight, Gothics, 

Colvin, Dix, Noonmark and the Griant. 

Finest drive in the Adirondacks through the Re- 
serve to the Au Sable Lakes. 



FOR ILLUSTRATED CIRCULARS, &c., ADDRESS 

BEEDE & HOUGHTON, 

Beede*s, Essex County, N. Y. 

163 







GAMELAND. 



Among the Green Hills of Vermont, and Along 
the Shores of Lake Champlain. 

AN ILLUSTRATED BOOK OF 148 PAGES, 

P)^epared from a Canvass of the State by a Special Agent of the 

Central Vermont Kallroad. 

Containing the names, post office address, and prices per week, from Four 
to Ten Dollars, for the entertainment of summer boarders in a selected 
number of the best family homes in the above most favored locality of the 
north, for those seeking recreation, health and out-door amusements. Also 
list of the best hotels, and number they can accommodate, with their rates; 
with 75 pages descriptive of the scenic attractions and natural beauties of 
the State, and a short sketch of each town along the line of the road. Also 
a list of Special Summer Excursion Rates to Vermont Points and Return. 
Copy sent free on application to 

T. H. HANLET, y. E. P. A., 260 Washington St., Boston. 

Or to S. W. CUMMIXGS, G. P. A., C. T. R. R., St. Albans, Vt. 

Are you fond of 
stories, pictures 
and items about birds, dogs, fishes.trees 
and flowers, rods and guns, landscapes, 
woodcraft, camp life, rural retreats and 
general natural history subjects. If so, 
subscribe for Gameland, the gentle 
sportsman's magazine of shooting and 
fishing. It reaches 60,000 refined men 
and women, and is read by the house- 
hold. Yearly, one dollar ; postage free; 
no free copies. Address: 

CHAS. BARKER BRADFORD, PnbUsh er, 1267 BroaSway, N. Y. 

" DREW " or " DEAN RICHIVIOND/' 

—OF THE— 

PEOPLE'S EVENING LINE. 

You will enjoy all the comforts of good living. Table sup- 
plied with the best the markets afford. The excellence of the 
cuisine is a feature of this line. This is the tourist's and 
pleasure seeker's route as well as the business man's. A 
steamer leaves Albany for New York (every week day) 8 P. M. 
Leaves New York for Albany (every week day) from Pier 41, 
N. R., foot of Canal Street, 6 P. M. FARE, $1.50. ROUND 
TRIP, $2.50. 

WL. B. WATERS, Q. P>. A.. 

164 



"The Hotel Champlajn" 

(LAKE CHAMPLAIN.) 

On the line of the Delaware & Hudson R. R., 
Three fliles South of Plattsburgh, N. Y. 



THE SURERB 

SUnnER HOTEL 

OF THE NORTH. 

The northern tour is not complete 
without a visit to the '' Cham- 
plain," the most desirable and 
convenient stopping place 
en-route. 

Strictly First-Class. 



O. D. SEAVEY, nanager, 

165 




sportsmen 

Never 

Enlarge 

the 

Truth 



More enthusiasticallyltlian'wlien'telling of the antlers the old 
buck carried off, or of the big fish that got away. But about a 
thing in hand exaggeration is less easy ; it speaks for itself— 
for just what it is. 




(the weekly journal or fishing and shooting.) 
Stands that test. We cannot begin to tell you all its good 
points. It speaks for itself. You will like its breezy sketches 
of sport with rod and reel and dog and gun ; its stories of camp 
life, its accounts of tramp and cruise. A sk your dealer for the 
current number or send to us. Sample copies, 10 cents. Per 
Year, $4.00. 

We will send free (on mention of this advt.) our illustrated 
Catalogue of best books on Shooting, Fishing, Camping, 
Yachting, Canoeing, Boat Building, Dog Training, Natural 
History, Outdoor Life and Field Sports. Address 

FOREST AND STREAM PUB. CO., 318 Broadway,N. Y. 




1 66 



^^^^ 



Take 



x. 







KODAK 

%:%mgg With 

You 

On Your Vacation Trip. 

EASTMAN KODAK CO., 

KODAKS, ROCHESTER, N. Y. 

$6.00 to $100.00. 

Send for Catalogue. 

167 




The 

f/ Delaware 
*fi & Hudson 
Railroad. 

The Leading Tourist Line of America. 
The SHORTEST and MOST PICTURESQUE route 

BETWEEN 

New York and Montreal. 

THE ONLY DIRECT ROUTE TO 
Saratoga, Lake George, Lake Champlain, 
Hotel Champlain, Adirondack Moun- 
tains, Au Sable Chasm, Hound Lake, 
Howe's Cave, Sharon Springs, 
Cooperstown, 
and the unique Crvavity H, R, 

LOW PRICE EXCURSION TICKETS 

TO ALL THE FAMOUS LAKE AND MOUNTAIN RESORTS 

are on sale at the Company's offices in Albany, Troy 

and Saratoga during the season of pleasure travel. 

H. G. YOUNG, J. W. BURDICK, 

2d Vice-Prest., Albany, N. Y. General Passenger Agent. 

i6S 



^894' — THIC ■ 1894 

BETWEEN 

PLATTSBURGH and SARANAC LAKE, 

TO THE 

Adirondack Mountains, 

IN CONNECTION WITH THE 

DELAWARE AND HUDSON RAILROAD. 



THE ONLY LINE TO 

Chazy, Chateaugay and Saranac Lakes 
and Lake Placid, 

Which takes the traveler for nearly one hundred 
miles along the beautiful shores of Lake Champlain. 

Drawing Room Cars on all Trains 

Wagner Palace Sleeping Cars on all Night Trains, and 
Wagner Drawing Room Cars on all Day Trains between 

NEW YORK and PLATTSBURGH. 



Tickets, Sleeping and Drawing Room Car Accom- 
modations, and Baggage Checked from 
all Stations. 

After June 25th, trains will be run through to Lake Placid 
without change. 

J. N. STOWER, M. L. FRENCH, Supt., 

Gen'l Manager. Platlsburgh, N. Y. 

169 



xxxxxxxxxxx; 
xxxxxxxxxxx: 



y 



A Beautiful Book 
for 4 Cents. 

A COPY OF THE 

ILLUSTRATED 
CATALOGUE 



of the "Four-Track Series" New- York Central 
Books and Etchings will he sent to any address 
free, postpaid, on receipt of two 2-cent stamps hy 
George H. Daniels, General Passenger Agent 
Grand Central Station, New-York. Send also foi 
" Health and Pleasure on America's Greatest Railroad." 
538 pages, 300 illustrations. Pronounced hy com- 
petent judges the finest hook of its character ever 
issued— five 2-cent stamps. 

" Fishing Among the Thousand Islands." 

56 pages, beautifully illustrated with new half-tone 
engravings and diagrams locating all the choice 
fishing grounds of the St. Lrwrence; also all about 
tackle and fishing— five 2-cent stamps. 
NOW READY. 



170 



PASSENGER RATES FROM NEW YORK 

VIA 

New York Central 
Hudson River Railroad 

AND CONNECTING LINES. 

NOTE.— Through tickets to the following points are on sale 
at all New York Offices of the New York Central and Hudson 
River Railroad. Excursion tickets are issued at prices given 
in the column c f figures under " And Return." 

For further information apply to George H. Daniels, 
General Passenger Agent, Grand Central Station, New York. 

And 
XO Return. 

Montreal 10.00 17.50 

Via Lake George. .11.50 19.00 

North Creek 5.94 1100 

Northville 4.78 

Paul Smith's 9.55 17.25 

Plattsburgh 8.00 14.75 

Port Kent 7.60 14.00 

Potsdam 9.21 

Raquette Lake....lO 20 19.50 

Riverside 5.70 10.50 

Rome 5.30 

Rouse's Point 8.70 15 35 

Saratoga 4.20 7.50 

Saranacinn 9.05 16.75 

Saranac Lake . . . 

(lower) 8.80 16.00 

Schroon Lake. . . . 7.45 14.00 

Troy S.15 6.10 

Westport 6.81 12.45 

*During the season a Special Excursion Ticket is issued for 
$8.50, good on Saturday to Caldwell, and return on or Doiuie 
the following Monday. 

tDuring the season a Special Excursion Ticket is issued for 
$10, good for four days from date of purchase. 





And 


TO 


Return. 




$3.10 $6.08 


Ausable Chasm . . . 


7.85 14.25 


Blue Mountain Lake8 95 17.00 


"^Baldwin 


6.70 12.65 


*Caldwell 


. 5.55 10.30 


DeKalb Junction. 


. 8.61 


Elizabethtown — 


. 7.80 14.50 


Forked Lake 


.10.70 20.50 


Fort Ticonderoga. 


. 5.95 


Glens Falls 


. 4.80 8.80 


Gouverneur 


. 8.21 


Lake Placid 


. 9.80 17 75 


*Lake George 


. 5.55 10.30 


Through and return 
via Ticonderoga. 12.65 


Loon Lake 


8.80 16.00 


Lake Luzerne (Had- 


ley) 


. . 4.86 8 80 


Malone 


.. 9.02 



^— THE— «■ 

HOOSAC TUNNEL ROUTE, IS 

n 36 MILES SHORTER 36 ^ 

Tlian any other Line from 

• SARATOGA • 
BOSTON, WORCESTER, 

Seaside Resorts, and all points East. 



DURING JULY, AUGUST and SEPTEMBER, 

THE SARATOGA SPECIALS 

Composed of Vest ibu led 

Parlor Cars, Coaches, Smoking and Baggage Cars will be run 
daily (except Sundays) through from Saratoga to Boston 
without change, giving patrons a delightful ride through the 

Beautiful Deerfield Ualley. 

Further particulars, tickets, time tables, seats in parlor car, 
etc., can be obtained at 369 Broadway or Lake Avenue 
Station, Saratoga, or by addressing 

J. R. WATSON, G. P. A., 

BOSTON, MASS. 

172 



GOING SOUTH? 

Consider your comfort ai^d travel by the luxurious 
steamers of the 

CLYDE LINE. 

THE ONLY LINE OF STEAMSHIPS BETWEEN NEW YORK AND 

JACKSONVILLE, FLA , WITHOUT CHANGE. 

Affording a delightful sail among the 

SEA ISLANDS ALONG THE SOUTHERN COAST, 

CALLING AT CHARLESTON, S. C. 




Sailing from Pier 29, East River, New York, 

MONDAVS, WEDNESDAYS, and FRIDAYS at 3 P. M. 

Tables are supplied with the best the Northern and 
Southern Markets afford. 



THE CLYDE SHIPS 

are of modern construction, and provided with every ap- 
pliance for safety, comfort and speed. 
M. H. Clyde, A. T. M. Theo. G. Eger, T. M. 

A. J. Cole, Pass'r Agent. 

W. P. CLYDE & CO., General Agents. 

5 Bowling Green, N. Y. 12 S. Delaware Ave., Phila., Pa. 

173 



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5. R. STODDARD'S 

ILLUSTRATED LECTURES, 

Under the Management of riajOf J. B. Pond, Everett House, New York. 
SUBJECTS: 

" Pictured Adirondacks," 

Its deep riverj Aiul winiling strc-iius-, its broad lakes and clustered nonds"; its dark gorges ; its wild gleua ; it« 

high inou^iitaids and its lavely valleys ;.its gateways, mads and wildwood trails ; its noted hunters and 

'it^ Cunioua guides T its celebrated hotels and summer camps; how they live in the woods; 

tUintius: Aiid Hshing ; camp fires and camping scenes ; pictures by sun-light and flash- 

light, in SuiUtuer.ood Winter, by night ami by day ; ito East ; ita West ; its 

North J its Squth. 

The Hudspn River, 

"From the Mountains to thctJea." An illustrated poem, tracing the great river from its stfurce in the niouiitaina 

until it reaches the .open couiitry , thence onward until it looses itself in the ocean. On this thread it» 

Btrmig pictures of wood life, and views along the historic stream, until it ends with the picture 

which M.. Bartholdi declares is the only one he ever saw worthy of the subject, 

Mr. Stoddard's night scene, made with magnesium flash light, o' 

"Liberty Enlightening the. World." .. j , 

" Across the Continent," 

Its spreading plains ; Its teeming grain fields and its gre.it ranches , its cow-boys and its buffaloes ; its bail Indians 
and the way they live ; its great mountains ; its snowy heights ; its wild forests and ita \Ve8tern slope. 

"Alaska, the Land of Ice," 

Ita queer people,. their cuatoiua imd their homes, its tur> ; it,> fisheries and it* gold ; ita land-locked seae , its 
mighty glaciers and \U iVoz.en plains. 

- ' "The Wonderful White City of '93." 

Dally Times, Glens Tails. — " Every \-ie\v is a beautiful picture, many of them recalliiig in composition Claud* 
Lorraine's and Turner's masterpieces." Sunday News. — " They are marvels of beauty, to say nothing 
about the interests and instruction they convey." Morning'Star. — "There are no dry or un- 
interesting views i there are no views taken from bad points of view. Each one is a 
picture worthy of being reproduced on canvas. 

SEASON OF 1893-4. 
Mr. Stoddard's pictures are the most beautiful ever shown before an American audience, 
and I do not believe tbey are equalled la aay part of the world.— J. B. POND. 



T]lLJiUDSON_RlVER. 



I NTROOUCTION 




FROM THE MOUNTAINS TO THE SEA 

An illustrated POEM BV S R. STODDARD. 



■ TH E POEM .-T" 



pirrs and lumber Sandwich day 

galore. "Mills thai sund on the solid " Verdam Plebc ond 

land.*' "Shining pUtes wiih the biting Lordly Senior." 

Ungs." The Cataract's head. The curious Grant Hall. Cadets 

Tahawus. story the rocks tell. HawWcye's Cave. Cor* at Dinner " Drilled 

^'^ and Uncas. "Past Rapid and Caiaraci, to eat and drink 

Mill." The great " Drilled to step like 





T Camp. Sunday morning Inspec- 



lillery Practice. '• Fir 



plight change it* c "urse.** 

turns through the ^harp edm-d Kt»5»." ^he Modern Troy. '* Forges I 

awakening. " Dashc« and flash*^ tfnd \ngS " In fitful Bash and sb 

breaks intoi song.** ' It runs where Mety ihou^nd-poundcr. •■ Uncle Sa 



The Stale Dam, where no quarter " Cavalry drill. 

•• l> I. tpo lU t..ii hui«lk, unlramineled and Iree Mountings by proxy. 





towering walls (hat ^.'tV ' 



at night. Smoke'" I've heard "The c.y. slowly fading in the Nue cloud, o. smolje. uprising, ever --^^:^^^. 
, . ^. „ ^ . . hane above ihf Cily " •' Where * t^— ?(*v , - .-t I 

wu coold mould it like clay." '"I P^'f^' disunce.' "Clidins like .^^ j^^ „,„.„, „,„o„ come and go iii '-.'>■:•• •«-■, 



he CaUkillt. 



ntless numbers " "' Pasf f 



Openmeei "A strange new creaiure on " S"'" >he wav and quirk iu. changes." upslanding. lids on high herOaming 

_l«lide" "Waters cold and deep." lake Poughkeepsie. ■• Nenburgh climbs the beacon." 

Golden. Indian Pas^ The ruined village ««■"" hillside." -Washington's head- •• P.,, ,h. Ha.bor-. ..rr., K.>e-.» 

among the mountains. I''"'"'- ■• He «ho stood »hen others Pa.ul.. lo., ..clcn, 1..^ 

" From the wavering edge ol the Great Wwred." " The symbol of his greatness" \dJ. .1 la.i. the mlil>iy Ocewr 

Divide." " From the western land whence -and its modern prototype. p^ E M I N I SCEN T -* morning vlj. 

the Cedat flows." "Ii sees strange tights Storm King. Cro' Nest. Breakneck. ~~' '' ' ^~~~^ ton of the Ol 

M the gates uncIoK" "A solder's web." Mount Taurus. Old Fort Putnam— Uins Binhplaee ol the Infant Mud- 

The stately Schroon. •• li tossesgreat logs "Crumbling now in snowy ruins." The son A dashing B.eam at mij^day 

to the left and righ:." Banks that melt. river ol the Nonh. "Southward turn and A great river under glowing skies. 

Luieme. "Where bright Sacandaga comes !<« it vanish." West Point. The .>.4tion'« Sun.et. Might, and " J-iheny Enlighl- 

out of the west " " Whert the Nation's K^ool lor soldiei-j. The Campus. Candi- ning the World.' 

Soldiei came to die '' The Big Boom, dates. " I.0..K may tt>c lotf tt «« 

T.. T . n /-I . "Re^uliHes- .ol.lyleot fialih.- Wlin upndH hand 

A picture ollile The Feede, Dam. Glen, R.,s.,, h«id »d .pi..i ctumn.". Uhii« ih. S«.1 



vl>. 



176 



GUIDE BOOKS AND MAPS 

PUBLISHED BY S. R. STODDARD, GLENS FALLS, N. Y. 

GUIDE BOOKS 

THE ADIRONDACKS ILLUSTRATED.— "Diamond" 
edition. 296 pages. Paper cover, 25 cents. Cloth. 50 
cents. 

Albany Evening Journal.—" Routes, fares to different 
points, time-tables, maps, guides, and whatever else the trav- 
eler is most concerned in knowing, are treated clearly and 
intelligently." 

New York Times.—" A book that may be read through 
from beginning to end at any time, and be found full of in- 
teresting reading matter." 

Troy Times.— "A delightful book, well spiced with anecdote 
and adventure." 

SARATOGA. LAKE GEORGE AND LAKE CHAM- 
PLAIN, historical and descriptive, 16 mo., 200 pages. 
Paper cover, 25 cents. Contains colored map three feet 
long, outline cuts of mountains, islands, etc. , as seen from 
the passing steamer. 

MAPS 

THE ADIRONDACK WILDERNESS,— Pocket edition 
on map-bond paper, in cloth cover, $1.00. Linen backed, 
$1.50. 

Forest and Stream.—" It is the most complete map of 
the Adirondack region ever published, and is just what is 
wanted by a party intending to camp out." 

Shooting and Fishing.—" State offtcers consult it and 
the Fish Commissioners depend upon it for use of the State 
Game Protectors." 

LAKE GEORGE. — Scale 1 mile to an inch. Pocket 
edition on map-bond paper, cloth cover, 50 cents. 
Approved and adopted by the State Engineer and Sur- 
veyor in 1880. 

LAKE CHAMPLAIN.— Scale 2i miles to an inch, 
with smaller maps of the Richelieu River, and routes 
and distances to important ponits. Pocket edition on 
map-bond paper, cloth cover, 50 cents. 

SENT POSTPAID ON RECEIPT OF PRICE. 



177 



BOOKS OF PICTURES. 

PUBLISHED BY S. R. STODDARD, QLENS FALLS, N. Y. 

LAKE CEORCE. Twelve photogravure plates 10x12 
inches, comprising over 50 choice bits of Lake George 
scenery. Bound in torchon board, with illuminated 
title, $2.00. AMONG THE MOUNTAINS OF THE 
ADIRONDACKS. — Ten plates. Same style and size 
as Lake George, $2.00. THROUGH THE LAKE 
COUNTRY OF THE ADIRONDACKS.— Same as 

above, $2.00. CAMP LIFE Same as above, $2.00. 

THE HUDSON RIVER, FROM ITS SOURCE TO 

THE SEA Same as above, $2.00. AU SABLE 

CHASM. — Photogravures, twelve pages of pictures, 
5ix7 inches. Illuminated title. In mailing box 50 
cents. 

SOUVENIRS OF THE NORTH. (Contains from eighteen 
to thirty representative views of sections indicated by their 
titles, reproduced by the Photo-Gravure Process. Size 
5ix7 inches ; price 75 cents each.) Saratoga, Lake George, 
Blue Mountain Lake, Raquette Lake, Long Lake, Tupper Lake 
Region, Luzerne and Schroon Lake, Wild Lakes of the 
Adirondacks, (Au Sable Lakes, Tear-of-the-clouds, Ava- 
lanche, Golden, Sandford, Henderson, etc.), Elizabeth- 
town and Keene Valley, North Elba and beyond, Lake Placid, 
The Saranac Lakes, Winter at Saranac Lake, Glens Falls, 
Howe's Cave. In mailing box, 75 cents each. 

SENT POSTPAID ON RECEIPT OF PRICE. 

178 



PHOTOGRAPHS (Landscape and Gen.e. 

PUBLISHED BY S. R. STODDARD, GLENS FALLS. N. Y. 



LANDSCAPE, (20x50) as follows : Lake George (Beach at 
Caldwell); Blue Mountain Lake (from Mountain House)*, 
Ruins OF Fort Ticonderoga (from the East); Elizabeth- 
town (from the East); Keene Valley (from Prospect Hill); 
Mirror Lake (from Signal Hill, Lake Placid). PRICE, 
unmounted or mounted on thin paper, rolled, by mail, $7.00. 
Mounted on stretcher, $8.00. Mounted with deep mat, $10. 
Boxing mounted pictures, $1.00 extra. 

LANDSCAPE. (16x20) of the Adirondacks ; 90 subjects. Un- 
mounted in mailing tubes, $2.00; on 22x28 card, $2.50. Express 
Extra. 

LANDSCAPE AND GENRE, (7x9) 1200 Subjects: 
Adirondacks. Lake George, Lake Champlain, Hudson 
River. West Point. Howe's Cave, Canadian Pacific 
Indians. Alaska. Etc. Mounted or unmounted, 50 cents 
each. 

LANDSCAPE, (5x8) 2000 subjects. Adirondacks, Lake 
George, Bay of Fundy. Etc. By mail, 30 cents each. 

STEREOSCOPIC VIEWS* 2000 of above subjects, $2.00 per 
dozen. 

LANTERN SLIDES. Any subject, 50 cents each. Colored, 

$1.00 each. 
TRANSPARENCIES in nickel frames, 5x8 inches, $1.25; 

colored, $2.50 ; 8x10 inches, $2.50 ; colored $5.00. 

All goods above (except lantern slides and transparencies) 
sent postpaid on receipt of price. 

Address, S. R. STODDARD, Glens Falls, n. y. 
179 



I^A.F» OB^ ^HH> 



ilDII^ONDAGK WILDEI^NESS, 

BY S. R. STODDARD. 
[Light portion shows Hudson River drainage.] 




Size 25x31 Inches. Scale 4 miles to an inch. Colored in counties. 
On map-bond pap r in cloth cover for carrying in the pocket, $1.00. 
On heavy plate paper for framing, in mailing tube to prevent 
creasing, $1.00, post paid on receipt of price. 

S. E. STODDAED, Publisher, Gleas Palls, N. T. 



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